a Departments of Pathology, Immunology and Otolaryngology , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2018 Dec;18(12):1029-1040. doi: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1544494. Epub 2018 Nov 9.
: Liquid biopsy platforms are being actively developed in the biomarker field. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially the tumor-derived exosome (TEX) subsets of EVs, represent a platform that allows for molecular and genetic profiling of parent tumor cells. TEX are ubiquitous in body fluids of cancer patients and are promising clinically relevant surrogates of cancer cells. : Isolation from body fluids of cancer patients and subsetting of exosomes based on immunoaffinity capture offers a means of evaluating proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and other molecular contents that are a characteristic of TEX and exosomes produced by reprogrammed normal cells. The same liquid biopsy can inform about the status of a tumor and simultaneously evaluate the competency of immune cells to mediate anti-tumor activities. : TEX and reprogrammed non-TEX isolated from plasma of cancer patients have the potential to become non-invasive biomarkers of cancer diagnosis, prognosis and response to therapies.
液体活检平台在生物标志物领域得到了积极的发展。细胞外囊泡（EVs），特别是肿瘤衍生的外泌体（TEX）亚群的 EVs，代表了一种可以对亲代肿瘤细胞进行分子和遗传分析的平台。TEX 在癌症患者的体液中普遍存在，是具有临床相关性的肿瘤细胞替代物。通过免疫亲和捕获从癌症患者的体液中分离并对 EXOSOME 进行亚群分类，为评估蛋白质、脂质、核酸和其他分子含量提供了一种方法，这些分子含量是 TEX 和由重编程正常细胞产生的外泌体的特征。同一份液体活检可以提供肿瘤状态的信息，并同时评估免疫细胞介导抗肿瘤活性的能力。从癌症患者血浆中分离的 TEX 和重编程的非 TEX 有可能成为癌症诊断、预后和对治疗反应的非侵入性生物标志物。
