Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2018 Jun;13(6):504-511. doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0112-4. Epub 2018 Apr 9.
Currently, there is no available needle-free approach for diabetics to monitor glucose levels in the interstitial fluid. Here, we report a path-selective, non-invasive, transdermal glucose monitoring system based on a miniaturized pixel array platform (realized either by graphene-based thin-film technology, or screen-printing). The system samples glucose from the interstitial fluid via electroosmotic extraction through individual, privileged, follicular pathways in the skin, accessible via the pixels of the array. A proof of principle using mammalian skin ex vivo is demonstrated for specific and 'quantized' glucose extraction/detection via follicular pathways, and across the hypo- to hyper-glycaemic range in humans. Furthermore, the quantification of follicular and non-follicular glucose extraction fluxes is clearly shown. In vivo continuous monitoring of interstitial fluid-borne glucose with the pixel array was able to track blood sugar in healthy human subjects. This approach paves the way to clinically relevant glucose detection in diabetics without the need for invasive, finger-stick blood sampling.
目前，糖尿病患者还没有无针的方法来监测间质液中的血糖水平。在这里，我们报告了一种基于微型像素阵列平台的选择性、非侵入性、经皮血糖监测系统（通过基于石墨烯的薄膜技术或丝网印刷来实现）。该系统通过电渗提取，通过阵列像素可进入的皮肤中的单个、特权的滤泡途径，从间质液中取样葡萄糖。使用哺乳动物皮肤进行的原理验证证明了通过滤泡途径进行特异性和“量化”的葡萄糖提取/检测，以及在人类的低血糖到高血糖范围内。此外，还清楚地显示了滤泡和非滤泡葡萄糖提取通量的定量。使用像素阵列对间质液中葡萄糖的体内连续监测能够跟踪健康人体的血糖。这种方法为糖尿病患者提供了无需侵入性、手指采血的临床相关血糖检测方法。
