School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2024 Jul 15;256:116280. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116280. Epub 2024 Apr 9.
Monitoring biomarkers in human interstitial fluids (ISF) using microneedle sensors has been extensively studied. However, most of the previous studies were limited to simple in vitro demonstrations and lacked system integration and analytical performance. Here we report a miniaturized, high-precision, fully integrated wearable electrochemical microneedle sensing device that works with a customized smartphone application to wirelessly and in real-time monitor glucose in human ISF. A microneedle array fabrication method is proposed which enables multiple individually addressable, regionally separated sensing electrodes on a single microneedle system. As a demonstration, a glucose sensor and a differential sensor are integrated in a single sensing patch. The differential sensing electrodes can eliminate common-mode interference signals, thus significantly improving the detection accuracy. The basic mechanism of microneedle penetration into the skin was analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). By optimizing the structure of the microneedle, the puncture efficiency was improved while the puncture force was reduced. The electrochemical properties, biocompatibility, and system stability of the microneedle sensing device were characterized before human application. The test results were closely correlated with the gold standard (blood). The platform can be used not only for glucose detection, but also for various ISF biomarkers, and it expands the potential of microneedle technology in wearable sensing.
使用微针传感器监测人体间质液（ISF）中的生物标志物已经得到了广泛研究。然而，大多数先前的研究仅限于简单的体外演示，缺乏系统集成和分析性能。在这里，我们报告了一种小型化、高精度、完全集成的可穿戴电化学微针传感设备，该设备与定制的智能手机应用程序配合使用，可无线实时监测人体 ISF 中的葡萄糖。提出了一种微针阵列制造方法，该方法可在单个微针系统上实现多个可单独寻址、区域分离的传感电极。作为演示，将葡萄糖传感器和差分传感器集成在单个传感贴片上。差分传感电极可以消除共模干扰信号，从而显著提高检测精度。使用有限元方法（FEM）分析了微针穿透皮肤的基本机制。通过优化微针的结构，提高了穿刺效率，同时降低了穿刺力。在人体应用之前，对微针传感设备的电化学性能、生物相容性和系统稳定性进行了表征。测试结果与金标准（血液）密切相关。该平台不仅可用于葡萄糖检测，还可用于各种 ISF 生物标志物，扩展了微针技术在可穿戴传感中的潜力。
