Karesh James W, Mazzoli Robert A, Heintz Shannon K
The Vision Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8960 Brown Drive, Building 2, 1st Floor, Room 1403-A, Bethesda, MD 20889-5629.
The Vision Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8960 Brown Drive, Building 2, 1 st Floor, Room 1403-A, Bethesda, MD 20889-5629.
Mil Med. 2018 Mar 1;183(suppl_1):450-458. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usx183.
Of the 3,548 known mosquito species, about 100 transmit human diseases. Mosquitoes are distributed globally throughout tropical and temperate regions where standing water sources are available for egg laying and the maturation of larva. Female mosquitoes require blood meals for egg production. This is the main pathway for disease transmission. Mosquitoes carry several pathogenic organisms responsible for significant ocular pathology and vision loss including West Nile, Rift Valley, chikungunya, dengue viruses, various encephalitis viruses, malarial parasites, Francisella tularensis, microfilarial parasites, including Dirofilaria, Wuchereria, and Brugia spp., and human botfly larvae. Health care providers may not be familiar with many of these mosquito-transmitted diseases or their associated ocular findings delaying diagnosis, treatment, and recovery of visual function. This article aims to provide an overview of the ocular manifestations associated with mosquito-transmitted diseases.
在已知的3548种蚊子中，约有100种会传播人类疾病。蚊子分布于全球热带和温带地区，这些地方有可供产卵和幼虫发育的积水水源。雌蚊需要吸食血液来产卵。这是疾病传播的主要途径。蚊子携带多种致病生物，可导致严重的眼部病变和视力丧失，包括西尼罗河病毒、裂谷热病毒、基孔肯雅病毒、登革热病毒、各种脑炎病毒、疟原虫、土拉弗朗西斯菌、微丝蚴寄生虫（包括恶丝虫、班氏丝虫和布鲁格丝虫属）以及人体肤蝇幼虫。医疗保健人员可能并不熟悉许多这些由蚊子传播的疾病或其相关的眼部表现，从而延误了视觉功能的诊断、治疗和恢复。本文旨在概述与蚊子传播疾病相关的眼部表现。
