Amhara Regional Health Bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Apr 11;18(1):480. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5370-4.
Despite the progress in reducing malaria infections and related deaths, the disease remains a major global public health problem. The problem is among the top five leading causes of outpatient visits in Dembia district of the northwest Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the determinants of malaria infections in the district.
An institution-based case-control study was conducted in Dembia district from October to November 2016. Out of the ten health centers in the district, four were randomly selected for the study in which 370 participants (185 cases and 185 controls) were enrolled. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Factors associated with malaria infections were determined using logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio with 95% CI was used as a measure of association, and variables with a p-value of ≤0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
The median age of all participants was 26 years, while that of cases and controls was 22 and 30 with a range of 1 to 80 and 2 to 71, respectively. In the multivariable logistic regression, over 15 years of age adjusted odds ratio(AOR) and confidence interval (CI) of (AOR = 18; 95% CI: 2.1, 161.5), being male (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2, 3.9), outdoor activities at night (AOR = 5.7; 95% CI: 2.5, 12.7), bed net sharing (AOR = 3.9; 95% CI: 2.0, 7.7), and proximity to stagnant water sources (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.3, 5.4) were independent predictors.
Being in over 15 years of age group, male gender, night time activity, bed net sharing and proximity to stagnant water sources were determinant factors of malaria infection in Dembia district. Additional interventions and strategies which focus on men, outdoor work at night, household net utilization, and nearby stagnant water sources are essential to reduce malaria infections in the area.
尽管在减少疟疾感染和相关死亡方面取得了进展，但该疾病仍是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题。在埃塞俄比亚西北部的登比亚地区，疟疾是导致门诊就诊的前五大原因之一。因此，本研究旨在评估该地区疟疾感染的决定因素。
2016 年 10 月至 11 月在登比亚区进行了一项基于机构的病例对照研究。在该地区的 10 个卫生中心中，随机选择了 4 个进行研究，共纳入了 370 名参与者（185 例病例和 185 例对照）。使用经过预测试的结构化问卷收集数据。使用逻辑回归分析确定与疟疾感染相关的因素。使用优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）作为关联的度量标准，将 p 值≤0.05 的变量视为具有统计学意义。
所有参与者的中位年龄为 26 岁，病例和对照的年龄分别为 22 岁和 30 岁，范围为 1 至 80 岁和 2 至 71 岁。在多变量逻辑回归中，年龄超过 15 岁（调整后的优势比[aOR]和 95%CI：aOR=18；95%CI：2.1，161.5）、男性（aOR=2.2；95%CI：1.2，3.9）、夜间户外活动（aOR=5.7；95%CI：2.5，12.7）、共用蚊帐（aOR=3.9；95%CI：2.0，7.7）和靠近死水来源（aOR=2.7；95%CI：1.3，5.4）是独立的预测因素。
年龄超过 15 岁、男性、夜间活动、共用蚊帐和靠近死水来源是登比亚地区疟疾感染的决定因素。在该地区，需要额外的干预和策略，重点关注男性、夜间户外工作、家庭蚊帐使用和附近死水来源，以减少疟疾感染。
