a Clinical and Sports Nutrition Research Laboratory (LABINCE), Faculty of Nutrition, Goiás Federal University , Goiânia , Goiás , Brazil.
b Department of Food Sciences and Experimental Nutrition , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , SP , Brazil.
Gut Microbes. 2018 Jul 4;9(4):308-325. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1465157. Epub 2018 May 24.
The gut microbiota has been recognized as an important factor in the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and is considered an endocrine organ involved in the maintenance of energy homeostasis and host immunity. Dysbiosis can change the functioning of the intestinal barrier and the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) by allowing the passage of structural components of bacteria, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which activate inflammatory pathways that may contribute to the development of insulin resistance. Furthermore, intestinal dysbiosis can alter the production of gastrointestinal peptides related to satiety, resulting in an increased food intake. In obese people, this dysbiosis seems be related to increases of the phylum Firmicutes, the genus Clostridium, and the species Eubacterium rectale, Clostridium coccoides, Lactobacillus reuteri, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium histolyticum, and Staphylococcus aureus.
肠道微生物群已被认为是肥胖等代谢性疾病发展的重要因素，被认为是参与维持能量平衡和宿主免疫的内分泌器官。肠道菌群失调可使细菌的结构成分（如脂多糖[LPS]）通过肠道屏障和肠相关淋巴组织（GALT），激活可能导致胰岛素抵抗的炎症途径。此外，肠道菌群失调可改变与饱腹感相关的胃肠道肽的产生，导致食物摄入增加。在肥胖人群中，这种肠道菌群失调似乎与厚壁菌门、梭菌属、真杆菌属、粪肠球菌、丁酸梭菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、阿克曼氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的增加有关。
