Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan.
Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
J R Soc Interface. 2018 Apr;15(141). doi: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0952.
This review highlights recent development of biosensors that use the functions of membrane proteins. Membrane proteins are essential components of biological membranes and have a central role in detection of various environmental stimuli such as olfaction and gustation. A number of studies have attempted for development of biosensors using the sensing property of these membrane proteins. Their specificity to target molecules is particularly attractive as it is significantly superior to that of traditional human-made sensors. In this review, we classified the membrane protein-based biosensors into two platforms: the lipid bilayer-based platform and the cell-based platform. On lipid bilayer platforms, the membrane proteins are embedded in a lipid bilayer that bridges between the protein and a sensor device. On cell-based platforms, the membrane proteins are expressed in a cultured cell, which is then integrated in a sensor device. For both platforms we introduce the fundamental information and the recent progress in the development of the biosensors, and remark on the outlook for practical biosensing applications.
本综述重点介绍了利用膜蛋白功能的生物传感器的最新发展。膜蛋白是生物膜的重要组成部分，在检测各种环境刺激物（如嗅觉和味觉）方面发挥着核心作用。许多研究试图利用这些膜蛋白的传感特性来开发生物传感器。它们对靶分子的特异性特别有吸引力，因为它明显优于传统的人造传感器。在本综述中，我们将基于膜蛋白的生物传感器分为两个平台：脂质双层平台和基于细胞的平台。在脂质双层平台上，膜蛋白嵌入在连接蛋白质和传感器装置的脂质双层中。在基于细胞的平台上，膜蛋白在培养的细胞中表达，然后整合到传感器装置中。对于这两个平台，我们介绍了生物传感器的基本信息和最新进展，并对实际生物传感应用的前景进行了评论。
