Ma Jinfei, Gu Jiaqi, Jia Huibin, Yao Zhuye, Chang Ruosong
School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.
Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Front Psychol. 2018 Apr 4;9:459. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00459. eCollection 2018.
A lack of task workload can lead to drivers' cognitive fatigue and vigilance decrement during a prolonged drive. This study examined the effects of speed variability on driving fatigue in a monotonous drive. Twenty-one participants participated in a 60-min simulated driving task. All participants' cognitive fatigue was assessed using psychological and physiological measurements. Results showed that among all participants, variability of vehicle speed was negatively correlated with sleepiness and hypo-vigilance during the driving task. Further, drivers in the large variability group reported less sleepiness, less fatigue, and more vigilance than those in the small variability group did during the driving task. These drivers also presented a smaller electroencephalogram spectral index (𝜃+α)/β during the task, where 𝜃, α, and β are the power spectra of three different frequency bands: theta (𝜃, 4∼8 Hz), alpha (α, 8∼13 Hz), and beta (β, 13∼30 Hz). Our findings suggested that the larger variability of speed within the speed limit may have a deterrent effect on drivers' cognitive fatigue.
在长时间驾驶过程中，任务工作量不足会导致驾驶员出现认知疲劳和警觉性下降。本研究考察了速度变异性对单调驾驶中驾驶疲劳的影响。21名参与者参加了一项60分钟的模拟驾驶任务。使用心理和生理测量方法评估了所有参与者的认知疲劳。结果显示，在所有参与者中，车速变异性与驾驶任务期间的嗜睡和警觉性降低呈负相关。此外，在驾驶任务期间，速度变异性大的组中的驾驶员比速度变异性小的组中的驾驶员报告的嗜睡更少、疲劳更少且警觉性更高。这些驾驶员在任务期间还呈现出较小的脑电图频谱指数（𝜃+α）/β，其中𝜃、α和β是三个不同频段的功率谱：theta（𝜃，4∼8Hz）、alpha（α，8∼13Hz）和beta（β，13∼30Hz）。我们的研究结果表明，在限速范围内较大的速度变异性可能对驾驶员的认知疲劳具有抑制作用。
