Dlamini Siphiwe N, Norris Shane A, Micklesfield Lisa K
School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Br J Nutr. 2025 Jan 16;133(3):1-15. doi: 10.1017/S0007114525000029.
Although research on the relationship between lean body mass and blood pressure (BP) has been inconsistent, most studies reported that measures of lean body mass are associated with a higher risk of hypertension. We explored relationships between body composition (fat and skeletal muscle mass) and BP in 1162 young adult African women. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived measures of whole-body, central and arm fat mass were associated with higher systolic and diastolic BP, while leg fat percentage was associated with lower systolic and diastolic BP. However, only the associations with diastolic BP remained after adjusting for appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM). ASM was associated with higher systolic and diastolic BP, before and after adjusting for whole-body fat percentage and visceral adipose tissue. While there was no overlap in targeted proteomics of BP and body composition, REN was lower in the elevated BP than the normal BP group and was inversely associated with diastolic BP (false rate discovery adjusted < 0·050). Several proteins were positively associated with both visceral adipose tissue and ASM (LEP, FABP4, IL6 and GGH) and negatively associated with both visceral adipose tissue and ASM (ACAN, CELA3A, PLA2G1B and NCAM1). NOTCH3, ART3, COL1A1, DKK3, ENG, NPTXR, AMY2B and CNTN1 were associated with lower visceral adipose tissue only, and IGFBP1 was associated with lower ASM only. While the associations between body fat and BP were not independent of skeletal muscle mass, the associations between muscle mass and BP were independent of overall and central adiposity in young adult African women. Future interventions targeting muscle mass should also monitor BP in this population.
尽管关于瘦体重与血压（BP）之间关系的研究结果并不一致，但大多数研究报告称，瘦体重指标与高血压风险较高相关。我们在1162名年轻成年非洲女性中探究了身体成分（脂肪和骨骼肌质量）与血压之间的关系。双能X线吸收法得出的全身、中心和手臂脂肪量测量值与较高的收缩压和舒张压相关，而腿部脂肪百分比与较低的收缩压和舒张压相关。然而，在调整了附属骨骼肌质量（ASM）后，仅与舒张压的关联仍然存在。在调整全身脂肪百分比和内脏脂肪组织前后，ASM均与较高的收缩压和舒张压相关。虽然血压和身体成分的靶向蛋白质组学没有重叠，但高血压组的肾素（REN）低于正常血压组，且与舒张压呈负相关（错误发现率调整后<0·050）。几种蛋白质与内脏脂肪组织和ASM均呈正相关（瘦素、脂肪酸结合蛋白4、白细胞介素6和GGH），与内脏脂肪组织和ASM均呈负相关（硫酸软骨素、羧肽酶原A3、磷脂酶A2G1B和神经细胞黏附分子1）。NOTCH3、ART3、I型胶原α1链、DKK3、内皮糖蛋白、NPTXR、淀粉酶2B和接触蛋白1仅与较低的内脏脂肪组织相关，而胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1仅与较低的ASM相关。虽然体脂与血压之间的关联并非独立于骨骼肌质量，但在年轻成年非洲女性中，肌肉质量与血压之间的关联独立于总体和中心肥胖。未来针对肌肉质量的干预措施也应监测该人群的血压。
