School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
J Diabetes Res. 2018 Feb 20;2018:6536974. doi: 10.1155/2018/6536974. eCollection 2018.
To review the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Eastern and Southeastern Asia.
We systematically searched for observational studies on GDM prevalence from January 2000 to December 2016. Inclusion criteria were original English papers, with full texts published in peer-reviewed journals. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the guidelines of the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia. Fixed effects and random effects models were used to estimate the summary prevalence of GDM and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).
A total of 4415 papers were screened, and 48 studies with 63 GDM prevalence observations were included in the final review. The pooled prevalence of GDM was 10.1% (95% CI: 6.5%-15.7%), despite substantial variations across nations. The prevalence of GDM in lower- or upper-middle income countries was about 64% higher than in their high-income counterparts. Moreover, the one-step screening method was twice more likely to be used in diagnosing GDM when compared to the two-step screening procedure.
The prevalence of GDM in Eastern and Southeastern Asia was high and varied among and within countries. There is a need for international uniformity in screening strategies and diagnostic criteria for GDM.
综述东亚和东南亚地区妊娠糖尿病（GDM）的流行情况。
我们系统地检索了 2000 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月期间发表的关于 GDM 流行率的观察性研究。纳入标准为原始英文论文，全文发表于同行评议期刊。使用澳大利亚国家卫生和医学研究委员会的指南评估纳入研究的质量。采用固定效应和随机效应模型来估计 GDM 的汇总流行率及其相应的 95%置信区间（CI）。
共筛选出 4415 篇论文，最终综述纳入了 48 项研究，共计 63 项 GDM 流行率观察结果。GDM 的总体流行率为 10.1%（95%CI：6.5%-15.7%），尽管各国之间存在显著差异。中低收入国家的 GDM 流行率比高收入国家高约 64%。此外，与两步筛查程序相比，一步筛查方法用于诊断 GDM 的可能性要高出一倍。
东亚和东南亚地区的 GDM 流行率较高，且在国家内部和国家之间存在差异。需要在 GDM 的筛查策略和诊断标准方面实现国际统一。
