Zhao Xiang, Young Ross M cD, White Katherine M
School of Psychology and Counselling, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
BMJ Open. 2018 Apr 20;8(4):e019483. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019483.
Chinese adolescents' perceptions about tobacco control at schools are rarely researched. We explored how current antismoking strategies work in middle school environments, as well as the attitudes towards these strategies held by students and teaching staff members.
Four focus groups (24 eleventh graders; =16 years) and five indepth interviews (teaching staff members with tobacco control experience in schools) were conducted in Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. We used thematic analysis combining inductive and deductive processes, along with field observations and research group discussions, for data analysis.
With educational approaches and practical strategies, antismoking education reported in the middle schools had limited effectiveness. Although smoking is banned in schools, students can circumvent schools' controls easily. Notably salient is the pessimistic attitude towards school-based antismoking strategies at school. Detrimental influences within (teachers' smoking) and beyond schools (high societal smoking prevalence) largely challenged the efforts to manage students' smoking.
Current antismoking approaches in schools fail to curb smoking among Chinese high school students. Their effectiveness is undermined by both within-campus and off-campus influences. Students' perceptions of smoking should be valued as their knowledge of smoking is actively constructed. Future antismoking education at school should incorporate interactive sessions rather than merely didactic approaches about the harms of smoking. Although stricter rules for teachers' smoking are needed, complementary strategies such as population-level interventions and policy measures in wider society will assist in efforts within schools.
中国青少年对学校控烟的看法鲜有研究。我们探讨了当前的反吸烟策略在中学环境中的作用，以及学生和教职员工对这些策略的态度。
在中国云南省昆明市进行了4个焦点小组访谈（24名十一年级学生；平均年龄16岁）和5次深度访谈（有学校控烟经验的教职员工）。我们采用归纳和演绎相结合的主题分析法，并结合实地观察和研究小组讨论进行数据分析。
通过教育方法和实际策略，中学报告的反吸烟教育效果有限。虽然学校禁止吸烟，但学生可以很容易地规避学校的管控。值得注意的是，学校对校本反吸烟策略持悲观态度。学校内部（教师吸烟）和学校外部（社会吸烟率高）的不利影响在很大程度上挑战了管理学生吸烟的努力。
目前学校的反吸烟方法未能遏制中国高中生吸烟。其效果受到校内和校外影响的破坏。学生对吸烟的认知应得到重视，因为他们对吸烟的认识是在积极构建的。未来学校的反吸烟教育应纳入互动环节，而不仅仅是关于吸烟危害的说教方法。虽然需要对教师吸烟制定更严格的规定，但诸如社会层面干预和更广泛社会中的政策措施等补充策略将有助于学校内部的努力。
