De Novo Sequencing of a Genome and Its Associated Comparative Analyses.

Known to be rich in glucan, () is a valuable edible fungus cultivated in East Asia. A few studies have suggested that is effective on antidiabetic, antihypertension, antitumor, and antiallergen medications. However, it is still unclear genetically why the fungus has these medical effects, which has become a key bottleneck for its further applications. To provide a better understanding of this fungus, we sequenced its whole genome, which has a total size of 48.13 megabases (Mb) and contains 12,471 predicted gene models. We then performed comparative and phylogenetic analyses, which indicate that is closely related to a few species in the antrodia clade including , , , and . Finally, we annotated the predicted genes. Interestingly, the genome encodes most enzymes involved in carbohydrate and glycoconjugate metabolism and is also enriched in genes encoding enzymes critical to secondary metabolite biosynthesis and involved in indole, terpene, and type I polyketide pathways. As a conclusion, the genome content of sheds light on its genetic basis of the reported medicinal properties and could also be used as a reference genome for comparative studies on fungi.