Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.
Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin (BCCN), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Trends Neurosci. 2018 Jun;41(6):385-403. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.03.014. Epub 2018 Apr 21.
Intracellular recording allows measurement and perturbation of the membrane potential of identified neurons with sub-millisecond and sub-millivolt precision. This gives intracellular recordings a unique capacity to provide rich information about individual cells (e.g., high-resolution characterization of inputs, outputs, excitability, and structure). Hence, such recordings can elucidate the mechanisms that underlie fundamental phenomena, such as brain state, sparse coding, gating, gain modulation, and learning. Technical developments have increased the range of behaviors during which intracellular recording methods can be employed, such as in freely moving animals and head-fixed animals actively performing tasks, including in virtual environments. Such advances, and the combination of intracellular recordings with genetic and imaging techniques, have enabled investigation of the mechanisms that underlie neural computations during natural and trained behaviors.
细胞内记录允许以亚毫秒和亚毫伏的精度测量和干扰已识别神经元的膜电位。这使细胞内记录具有独特的能力，可以提供有关单个细胞的丰富信息（例如，对输入、输出、兴奋性和结构进行高分辨率表征）。因此，这种记录可以阐明基础现象背后的机制，例如大脑状态、稀疏编码、门控、增益调制和学习。技术的发展增加了可以采用细胞内记录方法的行为范围，例如在自由移动的动物和主动执行任务的头部固定动物中，包括在虚拟环境中。这些进展，以及细胞内记录与遗传和成像技术的结合，使人们能够研究在自然和训练行为中神经计算背后的机制。
