University Hospital Health Technology Park, Andalusian Health Service, Granada, Spain.
Department of Educational Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, International University of La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain.
PLoS One. 2018 Apr 25;13(4):e0195039. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195039. eCollection 2018.
Although burnout in paediatric nurses has been addressed in previous research, the heterogeneous nature of the results obtained and of the variables studied highlights the need for a detailed analysis of the literature.
The aim of this study was to analyse the literature on burnout characteristics, reported prevalence, severity and risk factors, to achieve a better understanding of the risk of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and feelings of low personal accomplishment.
For this purpose, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. The databases consulted were CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed, the Proquest Platform (Proquest Health & Medical Complete), Scielo and Scopus. This study used the search equation "burnout AND "pediatric nurs*"", and was conducted in July 2017.
The search produced 34 studies targeting burnout in paediatric nurses, with no restrictions on the date of publication. Many of these studies detected moderate-high values for the three dimensions of burnout, and highlighted sociodemographic, psychological and job-related variables associated with this syndrome. The sample population for the meta-analysis was composed of 1600 paediatric nurses. The following prevalence values were obtained: (i) emotional exhaustion, 31% (95% CI: 25-37%); (ii) depersonalisation, 21% (95% CI: 11-33%); (iii) low personal accomplishment, 39% (95% CI: 28-50%).
A significant number of paediatric nurses were found to have moderate-high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, and low levels of personal accomplishment. These nurses, therefore, were either experiencing burnout or at high risk of suffering it in the future. These results support the need for further study of the risk factors for burnout in paediatric nurses. They also highlight the importance of developing interventions or therapies to help prevent or attenuate the above symptoms, thus helping nurses cope with the workplace environment and with situations that may lead to burnout.
尽管先前的研究已经探讨了儿科护士的职业倦怠问题，但研究结果和所研究变量的异质性突出表明，需要对文献进行详细分析。
本研究旨在分析有关职业倦怠特征、报告流行率、严重程度和风险因素的文献，以更好地了解情感耗竭、去人性化和个人成就感低的风险。
为此，我们对文献进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。检索的数据库包括 CINAHL、LILACS、PubMed、Proquest 平台（Proquest Health & Medical Complete）、Scielo 和 Scopus。本研究使用的检索式为“burnout AND “pediatric nurs*””，检索时间为 2017 年 7 月。
检索出 34 项针对儿科护士职业倦怠的研究，对发表日期没有限制。这些研究中有许多发现职业倦怠的三个维度都存在中高度值，并强调了与该综合征相关的社会人口统计学、心理和工作相关变量。荟萃分析的样本人群由 1600 名儿科护士组成。得到以下流行率值：（i）情感耗竭，31%（95%CI：25-37%）；（ii）去人性化，21%（95%CI：11-33%）；（iii）个人成就感低，39%（95%CI：28-50%）。
相当数量的儿科护士表现出中高度的情感耗竭和去人性化，以及低水平的个人成就感。因此，这些护士要么正在经历职业倦怠，要么将来很有可能遭受职业倦怠。这些结果支持进一步研究儿科护士职业倦怠的风险因素。它们还强调了开发干预或治疗方法的重要性，以帮助预防或减轻上述症状，从而帮助护士应对工作场所环境和可能导致倦怠的情况。
