De Sanctis A, Russo S, Craciun M F, Alexeev A, Barnes M D, Nagareddy V K, Wright C D
Centre for Graphene Science, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK.
Interface Focus. 2018 Jun 6;8(3):20170057. doi: 10.1098/rsfs.2017.0057. Epub 2018 Apr 20.
Graphene-based materials are being widely explored for a range of biomedical applications, from targeted drug delivery to biosensing, bioimaging and use for antibacterial treatments, to name but a few. In many such applications, it is not graphene itself that is used as the active agent, but one of its chemically functionalized forms. The type of chemical species used for functionalization will play a key role in determining the utility of any graphene-based device in any particular biomedical application, because this determines to a large part its physical, chemical, electrical and optical interactions. However, other factors will also be important in determining the eventual uptake of graphene-based biomedical technologies, in particular the ease and cost of manufacture of proposed device and system designs. In this work, we describe three novel routes for the chemical functionalization of graphene using oxygen, iron chloride and fluorine. We also introduce novel methods for controlling and patterning such functionalization on the micro- and nanoscales. Our approaches are readily transferable to large-scale manufacturing, potentially paving the way for the eventual cost-effective production of functionalized graphene-based materials, devices and systems for a range of important biomedical applications.
基于石墨烯的材料正在被广泛探索用于一系列生物医学应用，从靶向药物递送、生物传感、生物成像到抗菌治疗等等，不一而足。在许多此类应用中，用作活性剂的并非石墨烯本身，而是其化学功能化形式之一。用于功能化的化学物种类型在决定任何基于石墨烯的器件在任何特定生物医学应用中的效用方面将发挥关键作用，因为这在很大程度上决定了其物理、化学、电学和光学相互作用。然而，其他因素在决定基于石墨烯的生物医学技术的最终应用方面也很重要，特别是所提出的器件和系统设计的制造难易程度和成本。在这项工作中，我们描述了使用氧气、氯化铁和氟对石墨烯进行化学功能化的三种新途径。我们还介绍了在微米和纳米尺度上控制和图案化这种功能化的新方法。我们的方法易于转移到大规模制造，这可能为最终经济高效地生产用于一系列重要生物医学应用的功能化石墨烯基材料、器件和系统铺平道路。
