Whyte Davian C, Zufferey Rachel
Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA.
Hum Parasit Dis (Auckl). 2017;9. doi: 10.4137/HPD.S16588.
Leishmaniasis is an important disease mediated by the protozoan parasite via the bite of the female sandfly insect vector. Leishmaniasis is endemic in the tropical and subtropical regions. The most common form of the disease is cutaneous leishmaniasis, which affects more than 10 million people worldwide and includes at least 1.5 million new cases every year. So far, treatment of the disease relies on unsatisfactory chemotherapy that can be complicated by the rising appearance of drug-resistant parasites. Furthermore, it is challenging to achieve solid control of the insect vector and animal reservoir. Therefore, the development of a safe and effective vaccine is urgently needed for the treatment and prevention of leishmaniasis. This review focuses on the recent advances in the development of a safe vaccine that could be used for prevention and treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. A short outlook for future research efforts is also presented.
利什曼病是一种由原生动物寄生虫通过雌性白蛉昆虫媒介叮咬传播的重要疾病。利什曼病在热带和亚热带地区流行。该疾病最常见的形式是皮肤利什曼病，全球有超过1000万人受其影响，每年至少新增150万病例。到目前为止，该疾病的治疗依赖于不尽人意的化疗，耐药寄生虫的不断出现使情况变得复杂。此外，有效控制昆虫媒介和动物宿主具有挑战性。因此，迫切需要开发一种安全有效的疫苗来治疗和预防利什曼病。本综述重点关注可用于预防和治疗皮肤利什曼病的安全疫苗的最新研发进展。还对未来的研究工作进行了简要展望。
