Chair of Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich , Schoenleutnerstr. 8 , 85764 Oberschleissheim , Germany.
Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry , Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2 , 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan , Germany.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 May 23;66(20):5221-5228. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06036. Epub 2018 May 8.
1,2-Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) and PA- N-oxides (PANO) are phytotoxins, which presumably occur in more than 6,000 plant species worldwide. Plants containing PA/PANO are responsible for various food and feed poisonings recorded for decades. Main reasons of exposition of consumers and livestock are contaminations of food and animal feed with parts, seeds, pollen, or nectar of PA-containing plants. Concerning stability, effects of processing on PA were mainly investigated in the past. The current study examined the behavior of PA/PANO in unprocessed matrices peppermint tea, hay, and honey during storage. Blank samples were fortified with PA/PANO or contaminated with blueweed ( Echium vulgare) and ragwort ( Senecio jacobaea) and stored for 182 d. The time-series analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) confirmed that all 25 analyzed PA/PANO compounds remained stable in herbal samples. However, the results showed a very fast decrease of PANO in honey samples within hours. These results were discussed with respect to potential consequences for health risk assessment.
1,2-脱水吡咯里西啶生物碱（PA）和 PA-N-氧化物（PANO）是植物毒素，据推测在全球 6000 多种植物中存在。含有 PA/PANO 的植物是造成数十年来各种食物和饲料中毒的原因。消费者和牲畜暴露的主要原因是食用含有 PA 的植物的部分、种子、花粉或花蜜污染了食物和动物饲料。关于稳定性，过去主要研究了加工对 PA 的影响。本研究考察了薄荷茶、干草和蜂蜜等未加工基质中 PA/PANO 在储存过程中的行为。空白样品用 PA/PANO 强化或用蓝蓟（ Echium vulgare）和千里光（ Senecio jacobaea）污染，并储存 182 天。使用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）的时间序列分析证实，在草药样品中，所有 25 种分析的 PA/PANO 化合物均保持稳定。然而，结果表明，蜂蜜样品中的 PANO 在数小时内迅速下降。这些结果与健康风险评估的潜在后果进行了讨论。
