Bickham David S, Hswen Yulin, Slaby Ronald G, Rich Michael
Division of Adolescent Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Center on Media and Child Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
J Prim Prev. 2018 Jun;39(3):229-245. doi: 10.1007/s10935-018-0510-2.
While media education and reduction programs have been proposed to prevent adverse health and academic outcomes related to heavy electronic media use among school-aged children, few have been formally piloted and evaluated. We used a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of Take the Challenge (TtC), a school-based media education/reduction program for the primary prevention of sleep deprivation, dysfunctional social-emotional behaviors, and poor academic performance. Sixth- to eighth-grade students at a rural Midwestern U.S. middle school received the TtC program, while a similar school in the same district served as the comparison group. Health-related and academic measures were collected from students and teachers at both schools before and after the intervention. The primary outcome measure was student-reported electronic media use (television, video games, Internet). Secondary measures included student health behaviors (student-reported sleep, exercise, and outdoor play) and academic activities (teacher-reported homework and classroom performance). Compared to the comparison group, students receiving TtC slept more and reduced television viewing, background television time, after-school video gaming, and weekend Internet use. Teachers reported increases in the extent to which TtC students completed homework assignments and stayed on task in the classroom. Well-designed school-based programs such as TtC can reduce electronic media use among middle-school children and improve related health and academic outcomes.
虽然已经提出了媒体教育和减少使用计划，以防止学龄儿童过度使用电子媒体带来的不良健康和学业后果，但很少有计划经过正式试点和评估。我们采用了准实验设计来评估“接受挑战”（TtC）计划的效果，这是一项基于学校的媒体教育/减少使用计划，用于初步预防睡眠不足、社交情绪行为失调和学业成绩不佳。美国中西部农村一所中学的六至八年级学生接受了TtC计划，而同一学区的另一所类似学校作为对照组。在干预前后，从两所学校的学生和教师那里收集了与健康和学业相关的指标。主要结果指标是学生报告的电子媒体使用情况（电视、电子游戏、互联网）。次要指标包括学生健康行为（学生报告的睡眠、锻炼和户外活动）和学业活动（教师报告的家庭作业和课堂表现）。与对照组相比，接受TtC计划的学生睡眠时间增加，看电视、电视背景播放时间、课后电子游戏时间和周末上网时间减少。教师报告称，接受TtC计划的学生完成家庭作业任务的程度以及在课堂上专注度有所提高。精心设计的基于学校的计划，如TtC，可以减少中学生的电子媒体使用，并改善相关的健康和学业成果。
