Chen Qian, Ding Ning, Peng Ling, Ge Shun Feng, Jiang Yuan Mao
College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2017 Jul 18;28(7):2247-2253. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201707.001.
Seven-year-old 'Yanfu3'/M/M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings and N trace technique were used to explore the characteristics of N-urea absorption, utilization, loss and fruit yield and quality under different nitrogen application rates (N, N and N). The main results were as follows: the plant growth, N absorption, utilization and loss differed significantly under different treatments. The plant leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic rate (P), total N content of leaves and the biomass, as well as the root-shoot ratio of N treatment were obviously higher than the N and N treatments. Significant differences were observed in the N derived from fertilizer (Ndff value) of different organs under different nitrogen application rates. The Ndff of fruits (flowers), leaves, one-year-old branch, and perennial branches in each measurement period was N >N＞N, while that of the roots at full-bloom and spring shoot growing slowly stage was N >N＞N, and in a trend of N >N＞N at autumn shoot growing stage, fruit rapid-swel-ling stage and fruit maturity stage. At fruit maturity stage, plant N nitrogen utilization ratio of N treatment was 23.6%, which was obviously higher than the N (16.3%) and N (14.4%) treatments, with the N loss rate of 56.4%, obviously lower than the N (60.6%) and N (66.1%) treatments. There were significant differences among the treatments in fruit mass, yield per plant, soluble solid, fruit firmness, soluble sugar, titratable acids and sugar-acid ratio of different nitrogen rates, and the N treatment showed the best performance, followed by the N treatment, and then the N treatment.
以7年生‘燕福3号’/毛桃实生苗为试材，采用N素示踪技术，研究不同施氮量（N₁、N₂、N₃）下尿素氮的吸收、利用、损失特性及果实产量和品质。主要结果如下：不同处理下植株生长、氮素吸收、利用和损失差异显著。N₁处理的植株叶片叶绿素含量（SPAD值）、光合速率（P）、叶片全氮含量和生物量以及根冠比均显著高于N₂和N₃处理。不同施氮量下各器官的肥料氮贡献率（Ndff值）差异显著。各测定时期果实（花）、叶片、一年生枝和多年生枝的Ndff均为N₁＞N₂＞N₃，而盛花期和春梢缓慢生长期根系的Ndff为N₂＞N₁＞N₃，秋梢生长期、果实快速膨大期和果实成熟期呈N₁＞N₂＞N₃趋势。果实成熟期，N₁处理的植株氮素利用率为23.6%，显著高于N₂（16.3%）和N₃（14.4%）处理，N₁处理的氮素损失率为56.4%，显著低于N₂（60.6%）和N₃（66.1%）处理。不同施氮量处理间果实单果质量、单株产量、可溶性固形物、果实硬度、可溶性糖、可滴定酸和糖酸比差异显著，N₁处理表现最佳，其次是N₂处理，N₃处理最差。
