Rydahl Maja G, Hansen Aleksander R, Kračun Stjepan K, Mravec Jozef
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
GlycoSpot IVS, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 May 3;9:581. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00581. eCollection 2018.
Plant cell walls are highly complex structures composed of diverse classes of polysaccharides, proteoglycans, and polyphenolics, which have numerous roles throughout the life of a plant. Significant research efforts aim to understand the biology of this cellular organelle and to facilitate cell-wall-based industrial applications. To accomplish this, researchers need to be provided with a variety of sensitive and specific detection methods for separate cell wall components, and their various molecular characteristics as well as . Cell wall component-directed molecular detection probes (in short: cell wall probes, CWPs) are an essential asset to the plant glycobiology toolbox. To date, a relatively large set of CWPs has been produced-mainly consisting of monoclonal antibodies, carbohydrate-binding modules, synthetic antibodies produced by phage display, and small molecular probes. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art knowledge about these CWPs; their classification and their advantages and disadvantages in different applications. In particular, we elaborate on the recent advances in non-conventional approaches to the generation of novel CWPs, and identify the remaining gaps in terms of target recognition. This report also highlights the addition of new "compartments" to the probing toolbox, which is filled with novel chemical biology tools, such as metabolic labeling reagents and oligosaccharide conjugates. In the end, we also forecast future developments in this dynamic field.
植物细胞壁是由多种多糖、蛋白聚糖和多酚组成的高度复杂的结构，在植物的整个生命周期中发挥着众多作用。大量的研究致力于了解这种细胞器的生物学特性，并推动基于细胞壁的工业应用。为实现这一目标，需要为研究人员提供各种用于分离细胞壁成分及其各种分子特征的灵敏且特异的检测方法。细胞壁成分导向的分子检测探针（简称为：细胞壁探针，CWPs）是植物糖生物学工具箱中的一项重要资产。迄今为止，已经产生了相对大量的CWPs，主要包括单克隆抗体、碳水化合物结合模块、噬菌体展示产生的合成抗体以及小分子探针。在本综述中，我们总结了关于这些CWPs的最新知识；它们的分类以及在不同应用中的优缺点。特别是，我们详细阐述了生成新型CWPs的非常规方法的最新进展，并确定了在目标识别方面仍然存在的差距。本报告还强调了向探测工具箱中添加新的“隔间”，其中充满了新型化学生物学工具，如代谢标记试剂和寡糖缀合物。最后，我们还预测了这个动态领域的未来发展。
