Division of Unintentional Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States; Division of Analysis, Research, and Practice Integration, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Division of Unintentional Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States; United States Public Health Service, United States.
J Safety Res. 2018 Jun;65:161-167. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2018.03.006. Epub 2018 Mar 17.
As more states legalize medical/recreational marijuana use, it is important to determine if state motor-vehicle surveillance systems can effectively monitor and track driving under the influence (DUI) of marijuana. This study assessed Colorado's Department of Revenue motor-vehicle crash data system, Electronic Accident Reporting System (EARS), to monitor non-fatal crashes involving driving under the influence (DUI) of marijuana.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines on surveillance system evaluation were used to assess EARS' usefulness, flexibility, timeliness, simplicity, acceptability, and data quality. We assessed system components, interviewed key stakeholders, and analyzed completeness of Colorado statewide 2014 motor-vehicle crash records.
EARS contains timely and complete data, but does not effectively monitor non-fatal motor-vehicle crashes related to DUI of marijuana. Information on biological sample type collected from drivers and toxicology results were not recorded into EARS; however, EARS is a flexible system that can incorporate new data without increasing surveillance system burden.
States, including Colorado, could consider standardization of drug testing and mandatory reporting policies for drivers involved in motor-vehicle crashes and proactively address the narrow window of time for sample collection to improve DUI of marijuana surveillance. Practical applications: The evaluation of state motor-vehicle crash systems' ability to capture crashes involving drug impaired driving (DUID) is a critical first step for identifying frequency and risk factors for crashes related to DUID.
随着越来越多的州将医用/娱乐用大麻合法化，确定州机动车监测系统是否能够有效地监测和跟踪大麻影响下的驾驶行为（DUI）变得尤为重要。本研究评估了科罗拉多州税务局的机动车碰撞数据系统，即电子事故报告系统（EARS），以监测涉及大麻影响下驾驶的非致命性碰撞事故。
我们使用疾病控制与预防中心关于监测系统评估的指南，评估 EARS 的有用性、灵活性、及时性、简易性、可接受性和数据质量。我们评估了系统组件，采访了关键利益相关者，并分析了 2014 年科罗拉多州全州机动车碰撞记录的完整性。
EARS 包含及时和完整的数据，但无法有效地监测与大麻影响下驾驶相关的非致命性机动车碰撞事故。从司机那里收集的生物样本类型和毒理学结果信息未记录在 EARS 中；然而，EARS 是一个灵活的系统，可以在不增加监测系统负担的情况下纳入新的数据。
包括科罗拉多州在内的各州可以考虑对涉及机动车碰撞的司机进行标准化药物测试和强制性报告政策，并主动解决样本采集的短暂时间窗口问题，以改善大麻影响下的 DUI 监测。实际应用：评估州机动车碰撞系统捕获涉及药物影响下驾驶（DUID）的碰撞的能力是识别与 DUID 相关的碰撞频率和风险因素的关键第一步。
