Torres A R, Sandjo L P, Friedemann M T, Tomazzoli M M, Maraschin M, Mello C F, Santos A R S
Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2018;51(6):e7118. doi: 10.1590/1414-431x20187118. Epub 2018 May 21.
In this study, we investigated the chemical composition, and antioxidant and antibacterial properties of ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) from Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata and Tetragonisca angustula. Chemical composition of EEP was determined by colorimetry and chromatographic (HPLC-DAD and UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) analysis. Antimicrobial activity of EEP was evaluated against gram-positive (S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, E. faecalis) and gram-negative (E. coli and K. pneumoniae) bacteria by the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) test using the microdilution method. Furthermore, the growth curve and integrity of cell membrane of S. aureus and E. coli were investigated using standard microbiological methods. HPLC-DAD analysis showed that the EEP of M. quadrifasciata quadrifasciata has a more complex chemical composition than the EEP of T. angustula. Moreover, UPLC-MS analyses of M. quadrifasciata quadrifascita indicated flavonoids and terpenes as major constituents. The bactericidal activity of both EEPs was higher against gram-positive bacteria than for gram-negative bacteria. The EEP from M. quadrifasciata quadrifasciata presented MIC values lower than the EEP from T. angustula for all tested bacteria. The EEP from M. quadrifasciata quadrifasciata caused lysis of the bacterial wall and release of intracellular components from both E. coli and S. aureus. Our findings indicate that the chemical composition of propolis from stingless bees is complex and depends on the species. The extract from M. quadrifasciata quadrifascita was more effective against gram-positive than gram-negative strains, especially against S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus compared to T. angustula extract, by a mechanism that involves disturbance of the bacterial cell membrane integrity.
在本研究中，我们调查了来自四带无刺蜂和窄腹小蜜蜂的蜂胶乙醇提取物（EEP）的化学成分、抗氧化和抗菌特性。通过比色法和色谱分析（HPLC-DAD和UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS）确定EEP的化学成分。采用微量稀释法通过最低抑菌浓度（MIC）试验评估EEP对革兰氏阳性菌（金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌）和革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌）的抗菌活性。此外，使用标准微生物学方法研究了金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的生长曲线及细胞膜完整性。HPLC-DAD分析表明，四带无刺蜂的EEP比窄腹小蜜蜂的EEP具有更复杂的化学成分。此外，对四带无刺蜂的UPLC-MS分析表明，黄酮类化合物和萜类化合物是主要成分。两种EEP对革兰氏阳性菌的杀菌活性均高于革兰氏阴性菌。对于所有测试细菌，四带无刺蜂的EEP的MIC值均低于窄腹小蜜蜂的EEP。四带无刺蜂的EEP导致大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的细胞壁裂解并释放细胞内成分。我们的研究结果表明，无刺蜂蜂胶的化学成分复杂且取决于物种。与窄腹小蜜蜂提取物相比，四带无刺蜂的提取物对革兰氏阳性菌株比对革兰氏阴性菌株更有效，尤其是对金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，其作用机制涉及干扰细菌细胞膜完整性。
