Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
BMC Genomics. 2018 May 23;19(1):389. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-4792-9.
Plant P-type II CaATPases are formed by two distinct groups of proteins (ACAs and ECAs) that perform pumping of Ca outside the cytoplasm during homeostasis, and play vital functions during development and stress management. In the present study, we have performed identification and characterisation of P-type II Ca ATPase gene family in an important crop plant Triticum aestivum.
Herein, a total of 33 TaACA and 9 TaECA proteins were identified from the various chromosomes and sub-genomes of Triticum aestivum. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of the homoeologous TaACA and TaECA proteins into 11 and 3 distinct groups that exhibited high sequence homology and comparable structural organization as well. Both TaACA and TaECA group proteins consisted of eight to ten transmembrane regions, and their respective domains and motifs. Prediction of sub-cellular localization was found variable for most of the proteins; moreover, it was consistent with the evolutionarily related proteins from rice and Arabidopsis in certain cases. The occurrence of assorted sets of cis-regulatory elements indicated their diverse functions. The differential expression of various TaACA and TaECA genes during developmental stages suggested their roles in growth and development. The modulated expression during heat, drought, salt and biotic stresses along with the occurrence of various stress specific cis-regulatory elements suggested their association with stress response. Interaction of these genes with numerous development and stress related genes indicated their decisive role in various biological processes and signaling.
T. aestivum genome consisted of a maximum of 42 P-type II Ca ATPase genes, derived from each A, B and D sub-genome. These genes may play diverse functions during plant growth and development. They may also be involved in signalling during abiotic and biotic stresses. The present study provides a comprehensive insight into the role of P-type II Ca ATPase genes in T. aestivum. However, the specific function of each gene needs to be established, which could be utilized in future crop improvement programs.
植物 P 型 II CaATP 酶由两组不同的蛋白质（ACAs 和 ECAs）组成，它们在稳态时将细胞质外的 Ca 泵出，在发育和应激管理中发挥重要作用。在本研究中，我们对重要作物小麦（Triticum aestivum）中的 P 型 II Ca ATP 酶基因家族进行了鉴定和特征分析。
本文从小麦的不同染色体和亚基因组中鉴定出了 33 个 TaACA 和 9 个 TaECA 蛋白。系统发育分析表明，同源 TaACA 和 TaECA 蛋白聚类为 11 个和 3 个不同的组，它们具有高度的序列同源性和相似的结构组织。TaACA 和 TaECA 组蛋白均由 8 到 10 个跨膜区组成，各自的结构域和基序。大多数蛋白质的亚细胞定位预测结果不同；在某些情况下，它与来自水稻和拟南芥的进化相关蛋白一致。各种顺式调控元件的存在表明它们具有不同的功能。在不同的发育阶段，各种 TaACA 和 TaECA 基因的表达差异表明它们在生长和发育中的作用。在热、干旱、盐和生物胁迫下的调节表达以及各种胁迫特异性顺式调控元件的出现表明它们与应激反应有关。这些基因与许多发育和应激相关基因的相互作用表明它们在各种生物学过程和信号转导中起着决定性的作用。
小麦基因组由每个 A、B 和 D 亚基因组衍生的最多 42 个 P 型 II Ca ATP 酶基因组成。这些基因在植物生长和发育过程中可能发挥多种功能。它们也可能参与非生物和生物胁迫下的信号转导。本研究为 P 型 II Ca ATP 酶基因在小麦中的作用提供了全面的认识。然而，需要确定每个基因的具体功能，这将有助于未来的作物改良计划。
