Long noncoding RNAs in the metabolic control of inflammation and immune disorders.

The metabolic control of immune cell development and function has been shown to be critical for the maintenance of immune homeostasis and is also involved in the pathogenesis of immune disorders. Pathogenic infections or cancers may induce metabolic reprogramming through different pathways to meet the energy and metabolite demands for pathogen propagation or cancer progression. In addition, some deregulated metabolites could trigger or regulate immune responses, thus causing chronic inflammation or immune disorders, such as viral infection, cancer and obesity. Therefore, the methods through which metabolism is regulated and the role of metabolic regulation in inflammation and immunity attract much attention. Epigenetic regulation of inflammation and immunity is an emerging field. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been well documented to play crucial roles in many biological processes through diverse mechanisms, including immune regulation and metabolic alternation. Here, we review the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in the metabolic regulation of inflammatory immune disorders, aiming to deepen our understanding of the epigenetic regulation of inflammation and immunity.