Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Oct 5;224:297-313. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.032. Epub 2018 May 26.
Medicinal plant (MP) use during pregnancy is common in Africa and may have profound effects on both the mother and the developing foetus. A lack of overview complicates monitoring and regulating the use of MPs during pregnancy.
This systematic review analyses prevalence of use of MPs during pregnancy, regional distribution, types and prevalence, MP properties, potential health risks, and consensus of MPs use, and suggests relevant measures to mitigate negative effects on pregnancy.
A search was undertaken using a range of scientific databases (Medline, Embase, African Journals OnLine, Google Scholar and Biological Abstracts), non-governmental organisations, various African universities and regulatory websites for original published and unpublished studies that assess and indicate the prevalence of use of MPs during pregnancy in Africa. Additional articles were located by exploring pertinent bibliographies, and contacting experts.
A total of 3659 MP-use studies were found, but only 303 articles received full-text assessment for eligibility and finally only 50 scientific papers were eligible for the systematic review. The prevalence of MP use by pregnant women varied widely from 2% to 100%. Twenty-eight studies (56%) specified one or more plant species used as MP during pregnancy. The major reasons for MP use were relief of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP), stimulation of labour, and facilitation of childbirth. The most commonly cited MP species were Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Allium sativum L. and Cucurbita pepo L. and these were used for relief of NVP, motion sickness and as a nutritional supplement. Route of administration was most commonly oral, and few adverse effects were reported.
The use of MPs among pregnant women in Africa is prevalent, and the most commonly used plant species are not known to have harmful foetal effects during pregnancy. However, many of the MP species are poorly studied and teratogenic effects cannot be ruled out. Collaboration between healthcare providers and traditional practitioners to inform about the safe use of MPs may promote safer pregnancies and better health for mothers and infants.
在非洲，孕妇使用药用植物（MP）很常见，这可能对母亲和发育中的胎儿都有深远的影响。由于缺乏全面了解，这使得监测和规范孕妇使用 MP 变得复杂。
本系统评价分析了非洲孕妇使用 MP 的流行率、地域分布、类型和流行率、MP 特性、潜在健康风险以及 MP 使用的共识，并提出了相关措施来减轻对妊娠的负面影响。
使用一系列科学数据库（Medline、Embase、African Journals OnLine、Google Scholar 和 Biological Abstracts）、非政府组织、几所非洲大学和监管网站，对评估和表明非洲孕妇使用 MP 流行率的原始发表和未发表研究进行了搜索。通过探索相关的参考文献和联系专家，找到了更多的文章。
共发现 3659 项 MP 使用研究，但只有 303 篇文章全文评估符合入选标准，最终只有 50 篇科学论文符合系统评价的入选标准。孕妇使用 MP 的流行率差异很大，从 2%到 100%不等。28 项研究（56%）指定了一种或多种在怀孕期间用作 MP 的植物物种。使用 MP 的主要原因是缓解妊娠期间的恶心和呕吐（NVP）、刺激分娩以及促进分娩。最常被引用的 MP 物种是姜（Zingiber officinale Roscoe）、大蒜（Allium sativum L.）和南瓜（Cucurbita pepo L.），这些植物被用于缓解 NVP、晕车和作为营养补充剂。最常见的给药途径是口服，很少有不良反应报告。
非洲孕妇使用 MP 的情况很普遍，最常用的植物物种在怀孕期间对胎儿没有已知的有害影响。然而，许多 MP 物种研究不足，不能排除致畸作用。医疗保健提供者和传统从业者之间的合作，以告知 MP 的安全使用，可能会促进更安全的妊娠和母亲和婴儿的更好健康。
