Department of Pharmacognosy, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Borowska 211a, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland.
Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31000, Osijek, Croatia.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2018 Sep 5;158:15-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.05.041. Epub 2018 May 25.
The supercritical CO (SC-CO) extraction process of black poplar (Populus nigra L.) buds was optimized (pressure, temperature) based on the yields of major phytochemicals (volatiles and non-volatiles). The optimal settings were 30 MPa/60 °C. Major volatiles determined by GC-MS in the optimized SC-CO extract (mg of benzyl salicylate equivalent (BSE) per 100 g of buds) were: pinostrobin chalcone (1574.2), β-eudesmol (640.8), α-eudesmol (581.9), 2-methyl-2-butenyl-p-coumarate (289.9), pentyl-p-coumarate (457.0), γ-eudesmol (294.4), and benzyl salicylate (289.2). Partial qualitative similarity was observed between SC-CO extracts and corresponding hydrodistilled essential oil dominated by sesquiterpenes, but with lower yields. Major compounds (mg per 100 g of buds) identified by UHPLC-DAD-QqTOF-MS in the optimized SC-CO extract were: pinostrobin (751.7), pinocembrin (485.6), 3-O-pinobanksin acetate and methyl-butenyl-p-coumarate (290.2; 144.9 of pinobanksin and p-coumaric acid equivalents, respectively). SC-CO extraction was found useful for green, efficient and simultaneous extraction of both volatile/non-volatile, bioactive phytochemicals of poplar buds - precursors of poplar-type propolis.
采用超临界 CO₂（SC-CO₂）萃取法从黑杨（Populus nigra L.）芽中提取主要植物化学物质（挥发物和非挥发物），并对其萃取工艺（压力、温度）进行优化。优化条件为 30 MPa/60℃。采用 GC-MS 法测定最佳 SC-CO₂提取物中主要挥发性成分（每 100 g 芽中相当于苯甲基水杨酸酯的毫克数）：松柏醇查耳酮（1574.2）、β-桉叶醇（640.8）、α-桉叶醇（581.9）、2-甲基-2-丁烯基对香豆酸酯（289.9）、戊基对香豆酸酯（457.0）、γ-桉叶醇（294.4）和苯甲基水杨酸酯（289.2）。SC-CO₂提取物与相应的以倍半萜烯为主的水蒸馏法精油具有部分定性相似性，但收率较低。采用 UHPLC-DAD-QqTOF-MS 法从最佳 SC-CO₂提取物中鉴定出的主要化合物（每 100 g 芽中毫克数）为：松脂素（751.7）、乔松素（485.6）、3-O-松柏醇乙酸酯和丁烯基对香豆酸酯（290.2；分别为松柏醇和对香豆酸的 144.9 和 290.2 当量）。SC-CO₂萃取法是一种有效的绿色、高效、同步提取杨树芽中挥发性/非挥发性、生物活性植物化学物质的方法，是杨树型蜂胶的前体物质。
