Voigt Christian C, Frick Winifred F, Holderied Marc W, Holland Richard, Kerth Gerald, Mello Marco A R, Plowright Raina K, Swartz Sharon, Yovel Yossi
Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research 10315 Berlin, Germany, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Bat Conservation International Austin, Texas 78716 USA, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, California 95064 USA.
Q Rev Biol. 2017 Sep;92(3):267-287. doi: 10.1086/693847.
Movement ecology as an integrative discipline has advanced associated fields because it presents not only a conceptual framework for understanding movement principles but also helps formulate predictions about the consequences of movements for animals and their environments. Here, we synthesize recent studies on principles and patterns of bat movements in context of the movement ecology paradigm. The motion capacity of bats is defined by their highly articulated, flexible wings. Power production during flight follows a U-shaped curve in relation to speed in bats yet, in contrast to birds, bats use mostly exogenous nutrients for sustained flight. The navigation capacity of most bats is dominated by the echolocation system, yet other sensory modalities, including an iron-based magnetic sense, may contribute to navigation depending on a bat's familiarity with the terrain. Patterns derived from these capacities relate to antagonistic and mutualistic interactions with food items. The navigation capacity of bats may influence their sociality, in particular, the extent of group foraging based on eavesdropping on conspecifics' echolocation calls. We infer that understanding the movement ecology of bats within the framework of the movement ecology paradigm provides new insights into ecological processes mediated by bats, from ecosystem services to diseases.
运动生态学作为一门综合学科推动了相关领域的发展，因为它不仅为理解运动原理提供了一个概念框架，还有助于对动物运动及其环境产生的影响进行预测。在此，我们结合运动生态学范式，综合了近期关于蝙蝠运动原理和模式的研究。蝙蝠的运动能力由其高度灵活、可活动的翅膀所决定。蝙蝠飞行时的功率输出与速度呈U形曲线关系，然而与鸟类不同的是，蝙蝠持续飞行主要依赖外部营养物质。大多数蝙蝠的导航能力主要由回声定位系统主导，但其他感官模式，包括基于铁的磁感，可能根据蝙蝠对地形的熟悉程度对导航有所帮助。从这些能力衍生出的模式与与食物的对抗性和互利性相互作用有关。蝙蝠的导航能力可能会影响它们的社会性，特别是基于偷听同种蝙蝠回声定位叫声的群体觅食程度。我们推断，在运动生态学范式框架内理解蝙蝠的运动生态学，能为蝙蝠介导的生态过程提供新的见解，从生态系统服务到疾病。
