Brittain John-Stuart, Cagnan Hayriye
1School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK.
2Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
Curr Behav Neurosci Rep. 2018;5(2):170-178. doi: 10.1007/s40473-018-0154-9. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
This review aims to survey recent trends in electrical forms of neuromodulation, with a specific application to Parkinson's disease (PD). Emerging trends are identified, highlighting synergies in state-of-the-art neuromodulation strategies, with directions for future improvements in stimulation efficacy suggested.
Deep brain stimulation remains the most common and effective form of electrical stimulation for the treatment of PD. Evidence suggests that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) most likely impacts the motor symptoms of the disease, with the most prominent results relating to rehabilitation. However, utility is limited due to its weak effects and high variability, with medication state a key confound for efficacy level. Recent innovations in transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) offer new areas for investigation.
Our understanding of the mechanistic foundations of electrical current stimulation is advancing and as it does so, trends emerge which steer future clinical trials towards greater efficacy.
本综述旨在调查神经调节电学形式的近期趋势，并特别应用于帕金森病（PD）。确定了新兴趋势，强调了最先进的神经调节策略中的协同作用，并提出了未来提高刺激效果的改进方向。
深部脑刺激仍然是治疗PD最常见且有效的电刺激形式。有证据表明，经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）最有可能影响该疾病的运动症状，最显著的结果与康复有关。然而，由于其效果微弱且变异性高，其效用有限，药物状态是疗效水平的关键混杂因素。经颅交流电刺激（tACS）的最新创新为研究提供了新领域。
我们对电流刺激机制基础的理解正在不断进步，随着这种进步，出现了一些趋势，这些趋势将引导未来的临床试验朝着更高的疗效发展。
