Nguyen Nhu H
a Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Hawai'i at Mānoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96922.
Mycologia. 2018 Jan-Feb;110(1):131-135. doi: 10.1080/00275514.2017.1401390.
Fungi can produce resistant propagules that may last for decades. Basidiospores from ectomycorrhizal fungi had been experimentally shown to last for at least 6 yr, but there are few reports on the longevity of saprotrophic members of mushroom-forming fungi. Here, the author shows evidence of spore longevity of these fungi by collecting, drying, storing, and germinating these spores over time. Results showed that dark-colored spores have a much-extended longevity as compared to light-colored spores. Dark-colored spores of some species are viable to at least 2.8 yr, whereas light-colored spores are generally viable for a much shorter period of time. The author proposes that mushroom-forming basidiomycete fungi employ two different ecological strategies: one with extended longevity that allows for long-distance dispersal, and the other takes advantage of optimal conditions that support both mushroom formation, basidiospore dispersal, and germination locally.
真菌能够产生可存活数十年的抗性繁殖体。外生菌根真菌的担孢子经实验证明至少能存活6年，但关于形成蘑菇的腐生真菌成员的寿命却鲜有报道。在此，作者通过对这些孢子进行收集、干燥、储存并随时间观察其萌发情况，展示了这些真菌孢子寿命的证据。结果表明，与浅色孢子相比，深色孢子的寿命长得多。某些物种的深色孢子至少能存活2.8年，而浅色孢子的存活时间通常要短得多。作者提出，形成蘑菇的担子菌采用两种不同的生态策略：一种是具有延长寿命从而实现远距离传播的策略，另一种是利用支持蘑菇形成、担孢子传播及在当地萌发的最佳条件的策略。
