Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Campus II, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Faculdade de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campus I, Rodovia D. Pedro I, Km 136, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Jun 6;34(6):86. doi: 10.1007/s11274-018-2472-1.
The oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans is involved in tooth decay by a process that initiates with biofilm adhesion and caries development. The presence of other microbes such as Candida albicans may worsen the demineralization process. Since both microbes are virulent to the host and will proliferate under specific host immune deficiencies and systemic diseases, it is important to study antimicrobial substances and their effects on both pathogens. There are several antiseptic agents used to reduce plaque biofilm and its outcome (dental caries and/or periodontal disease). However, some of these have undesired effects. In the current study we investigated the antimicrobial and anti-adhesion properties of micellar solutions of surfactants and the plant natural product terpinen-4-ol (TP). The results revealed an increase in antimicrobial properties of the synthetic surfactants, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), when mixed with TP. In addition, although surfactin, a biosurfactant, has little antimicrobial activity, it was demonstrated that it enhanced the effect of TP both as antimicrobial and anti-adhesion compound. Surfactin and the synthetic surfactants promote the antimicrobial activity of TP against S. mutans, the causal agent of tooth decay, suggesting specificity for membrane interactions that may be facilitated by surfactants. This is the first report on the successful use of surfactin in association with TP to inhibit the growth and adhesion of microbial pathogens. Surfactin has other beneficial properties besides being biodegradable, it has antiviral and anti-mycoplasma activities in addition to adjuvant properties and encapsulating capacity at low concentration.
口腔病原体变形链球菌通过生物膜黏附和龋齿发展的过程引起龋齿。其他微生物如白色念珠菌的存在可能会恶化脱矿过程。由于这两种微生物对宿主都具有毒性，并且会在特定的宿主免疫缺陷和系统性疾病下增殖，因此研究抗微生物物质及其对两种病原体的作用非常重要。有几种防腐剂可用于减少牙菌斑生物膜及其后果（龋齿和/或牙周病）。但是，其中一些具有不良影响。在本研究中，我们研究了表面活性剂胶束溶液和植物天然产物萜品-4-醇（TP）的抗菌和抗黏附特性。结果表明，当与 TP 混合时，合成表面活性剂十六烷基吡啶氯（CPC）和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）的抗菌性能得到提高。此外，尽管生物表面活性剂表面活性素本身抗菌活性很小，但证明它增强了 TP 的抗菌和抗黏附作用。表面活性素和合成表面活性剂促进了 TP 对龋齿病原体变形链球菌的抗菌活性，表明其对膜相互作用具有特异性，这可能是由表面活性剂促进的。这是首次成功使用表面活性素与 TP 联合抑制微生物病原体生长和黏附的报道。除了可生物降解外，表面活性素还具有抗病毒和抗支原体活性，以及在低浓度下的佐剂性质和包封能力。
