Biernat Elżbieta, Piątkowska Monika
Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, Poland.
Josef Pilsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
Work. 2018;60(2):329-338. doi: 10.3233/WOR-182727.
The aim of this work is to estimate leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of the professionally-active population as a factor in early preventive medicine and diagnosing threats of occupational diseases. It was the basis for an analysis of the realisation of a pro-health dose of physical activity recommended by WHO (depending on the profession).
A survey based on IPAQ-LV was realised in 2014-2015 on a representative sample of Poles (n = 2039). The work presents results for professionally-active people (n = 985). In order to verify statistically significant differences a Chi2, U-Mann Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis H tests were implemented.
LTPA Index for the whole group was 895.6±1514.3 MET-minutes/week. No statistical relationship was found between the survey wave and the LTPA factor and particular activities: VPA, MPA and walking. The LTPA value was significantly related (Chi2 = 19.9; p < 0.001) to the profession. LTPA Index was highest among the higher social stratification groups (directors/managers/owners: 1492.7±2348.1, higher level office workers: 957.6±1268.3, other office workers: 973.0±1677.5 MET-minutes/week) and the lowest among skilled workers (744.8±1325.8 MET-minutes/week). As many as 61.1% of respondents did not meet WHO recommendations. During week days, the greatest time spent sitting (Chi2 = 0.000; p < 0.05) was stated for higher level office workers (6.4±4.2 hours/day) and directors/managers/owners (5.0±4.0 hours/day). Sitting time for weekends was not significantly different for these groups.
Activities promoting LTPA should be addressed to all professional groups. It is essential to inform workers (especially physical workers) about the role of properly selected physical activity (in terms of time, frequency and type) to maintain a good state of health. A model-shaping influence of the high prestige groups may be helpful in changing lifestyle.
本研究旨在评估职业活跃人群的休闲时间体力活动（LTPA），将其作为早期预防医学和诊断职业病威胁的一个因素。这是分析世界卫生组织推荐的促进健康的体力活动量（取决于职业）实现情况的基础。
2014 - 2015年，基于国际体力活动问卷简表长格式（IPAQ-LV）对波兰具有代表性的样本（n = 2039）进行了一项调查。本文呈现了职业活跃人群（n = 985）的调查结果。为了验证统计学上的显著差异，实施了卡方检验、曼-惠特尼U检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯H检验。
整个样本组的LTPA指数为895.6±1514.3梅脱-分钟/周。在调查波次与LTPA因素以及特定活动（剧烈体力活动、中等强度体力活动和步行）之间未发现统计学关系。LTPA值与职业显著相关（卡方 = 19.9；p < 0.001）。LTPA指数在社会分层较高的群体中最高（董事/经理/业主：1492.7±2348.1，高层办公室职员：957.6±1268.3，其他办公室职员：973.0±1677.5梅脱-分钟/周），在技术工人中最低（744.8±1325.8梅脱-分钟/周）。多达61.1%的受访者未达到世界卫生组织的建议。在工作日，高层办公室职员（6.4±4.2小时/天）和董事/经理/业主（5.0±4.0小时/天）报告的久坐时间最长（卡方 = 0.000；p < 0.05）。这些群体在周末的久坐时间没有显著差异。
应针对所有职业群体开展促进LTPA的活动。必须告知工人（尤其是体力劳动者）正确选择的体力活动（在时间、频率和类型方面）对保持良好健康状态的作用。高声望群体的示范塑造作用可能有助于改变生活方式。
