Mamur Sevcan, Yuzbasioglu Deniz, Yılmaz Serkan, Erikel Esra, Unal Fatma
a Life Sciences Application and Research Center , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey.
b Science Faculty, Department of Biology , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2018 Aug;35(8):1633-1644. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2018.1486513. Epub 2018 Jul 16.
Enniatin A (EN-A) is a Fusarium mycotoxin which is a common contaminant in grains and especially in maize and it causes serious loss of product. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in human cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cell line, and genotoxic effects of EN-A using chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), micronuclei (MN) and comet assays in human lymphocytes. The cells were treated with 0.07, 0.14, 0.29, 0.57, 1.15, 2.29, 4.59 and 9.17 μM concentrations of EN-A. It exhibited cytotoxic effects in HeLa cell lines especially when the concentrations were increased. The half-inhibitory value (IC) was determined as 1.15 μM concentration for 24 h and 0.57 μM concentration for 48 h. However, EN-A failed to affect the frequency of CAs, SCEs and MN in human lymphocytes. Only a slight increase was observed in the frequency of SCEs at 0.57 μM concentration over 48 h. The replication (RI) and nuclear division (NDI) indices were not affected. On the contrary, EN-A decreased the mitotic index (MI) significantly at all concentrations compared to the negative control and solvent control (except at 0.29 μM for 24 h, and except at 0.14, 0.29 and 0.57 μM for 48 h). Treatments over 2.29 μM showed toxic effects in human lymphocytes. EN-A significantly increased comet tail intensity (except at 0.07 and 0.57 μM) in isolated human lymphocytes. The results of this study demonstrate that EN-A has an obvious cytotoxic effect especially when the EN-A concentration was increased. In addition, EN-A could exhibit a mild genotoxic effect.
恩镰孢菌素A（EN-A）是一种镰刀菌霉菌毒素，是谷物尤其是玉米中的常见污染物，会导致严重的产品损失。本研究的目的是使用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）法研究其对人宫颈癌（HeLa）细胞系的细胞毒性作用，并使用染色体畸变（CA）、姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）、微核（MN）和彗星试验研究EN-A对人淋巴细胞的遗传毒性作用。细胞用浓度为0.07、0.14、0.29、0.57、1.15、2.29、4.59和9.17 μM的EN-A处理。它在HeLa细胞系中表现出细胞毒性作用，尤其是当浓度增加时。24小时的半抑制值（IC）确定为1.15 μM浓度，48小时为0.57 μM浓度。然而，EN-A未能影响人淋巴细胞中CA、SCE和MN的频率。在48小时内，仅在0.57 μM浓度下观察到SCE频率略有增加。复制指数（RI）和核分裂指数（NDI）未受影响。相反，与阴性对照和溶剂对照相比，EN-A在所有浓度下均显著降低有丝分裂指数（MI）（24小时时0.29 μM除外，48小时时0.14、0.29和0.57 μM除外）。超过2.29 μM的处理对人淋巴细胞显示出毒性作用。EN-A显著增加了分离的人淋巴细胞中的彗星尾强度（0.07和0.57 μM除外）。本研究结果表明，EN-A具有明显的细胞毒性作用，尤其是当EN-A浓度增加时。此外，EN-A可能表现出轻微的遗传毒性作用。
