Division of Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States.
Front Immunol. 2018 May 29;9:1001. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01001. eCollection 2018.
The complement system bridges innate and adaptive immunity against microbial infections, with viral infection being a major trigger. Activation of the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways have been reported in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and/or cryoglobulinemia. HCV infection leads to dysregulation of complement-mediated immune responses. Clinical and experimental evidence support involvement of complement in intra- and extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection, such as liver fibrosis and type II cryoglobulinemia. In this review, we summarize studies that have investigated the interplay between HCV and the complement system to establish chronic infection and autoimmunity, as well as the association between HCV pathogenesis and abnormal complement profiles. Several unanswered questions are highlighted which suggest additional informative lines of investigation.
补体系统在针对微生物感染的先天免疫和适应性免疫中发挥着桥梁作用，而病毒感染是主要的触发因素。慢性丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染和/或冷球蛋白血症中已报道了经典、替代和凝集素途径的激活。HCV 感染导致补体介导的免疫反应失调。临床和实验证据支持补体参与 HCV 感染的肝内和肝外表现，如肝纤维化和 II 型冷球蛋白血症。在这篇综述中，我们总结了研究 HCV 与补体系统之间相互作用以建立慢性感染和自身免疫的研究，以及 HCV 发病机制与异常补体谱之间的关联。强调了几个尚未解决的问题，这些问题表明需要进行更多有启发性的研究。
