Diez Ibai, Drijkoningen David, Stramaglia Sebastiano, Bonifazi Paolo, Marinazzo Daniele, Gooijers Jolien, Swinnen Stephan P, Cortes Jesus M
Biocruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain.
KU Leuven, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, Leuve, Belgium.
Netw Neurosci. 2017 Jun 1;1(2):116-142. doi: 10.1162/NETN_a_00007. eCollection 2017 Spring.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects structural connectivity, triggering the reorganization of structural-functional circuits in a manner that remains poorly understood. We focus here on brain network reorganization in relation to postural control deficits after TBI. We enrolled young participants who had suffered moderate to severe TBI, comparing them to young, typically developing control participants. TBI patients (but not controls) recruited prefrontal regions to interact with two separated networks: (1) a subcortical network, including parts of the motor network, basal ganglia, cerebellum, hippocampus, amygdala, posterior cingulate gyrus, and precuneus; and (2) a task-positive network, involving regions of the dorsal attention system, together with dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal regions. We also found that the increased prefrontal connectivity in TBI patients was correlated with some postural control indices, such as the amount of body sway, whereby patients with worse balance increased their connectivity in frontal regions more strongly. The increased prefrontal connectivity found in TBI patients may provide the structural scaffolding for stronger cognitive control of certain behavioral functions, consistent with the observations that various motor tasks are performed less automatically following TBI and that more cognitive control is associated with such actions.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）会影响结构连接性，以一种仍未被充分理解的方式触发结构-功能回路的重组。我们在此关注与TBI后姿势控制缺陷相关的脑网络重组。我们招募了患有中度至重度TBI的年轻参与者，并将他们与发育正常的年轻对照参与者进行比较。TBI患者（而非对照者）会调用前额叶区域与两个分离的网络进行交互：（1）一个皮层下网络，包括运动网络的部分区域、基底神经节、小脑、海马体、杏仁核、后扣带回和楔前叶；（2）一个任务积极网络，涉及背侧注意系统区域以及背外侧和腹外侧前额叶区域。我们还发现，TBI患者前额叶连接性的增加与一些姿势控制指标相关，例如身体摆动量，平衡较差的患者额叶区域的连接性增加更为明显。在TBI患者中发现的前额叶连接性增加可能为某些行为功能的更强认知控制提供结构支架，这与TBI后各种运动任务的执行自动化程度降低以及此类行动与更多认知控制相关的观察结果一致。
