Dong Renhao, Zhang Tao, Feng Xinliang
Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany.
Chem Rev. 2018 Jul 11;118(13):6189-6235. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00056. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
The discovery of graphene one decade ago has triggered enormous interest in developing two-dimensional materials (2DMs)-that is 2D allotropes of various elements or compounds (consisting of two or more covalently bonded elements) or molecular frameworks with periodic structures. At present, various synthesis strategies have been exploited to produce 2DMs, such as top-down exfoliation and bottom-up chemical vapor deposition and solution synthesis methods. In this review article, we will highlight the interfacial roles toward the controlled synthesis of inorganic and organic 2DMs with varied structural features. We will summarize the state-of-the-art progress on interfacial synthesis strategies and address their advancements in the structural, morphological, and crystalline control by the direction of the arrangement of the molecules or precursors at a confined 2D space. First, we will provide an overview of the interfaces and introduce their advantages and uniqueness for the synthesis of 2DMs, followed by a brief classification of inorganic and organic 2DMs achieved by interfacial synthesis. Next, the currently developed interfacial synthesis strategies combined with representative inorganic and organic 2DMs are summarized, including the description of method details, the corresponding structural features, and the insights into the advantages and limitations of the synthesis methods, along with some recommendable characterization methods for understanding the interfacial assembly of the precursors and crystal growth of 2DMs. After that, we will discuss several classes of emerging organic 2DMs with particular emphasis on the structural control by the interfacial synthesis strategies. Note that, inorganic 2DMs will not be categorized separately due to the fact that a number of review articles have covered the synthesis, structure, processing, and applications. Finally, the challenges and perspectives are provided regarding the future development of interface-assisted synthesis of 2DMs with diverse structural and functional control.
十年前石墨烯的发现引发了人们对开发二维材料（2DMs）的巨大兴趣，二维材料即各种元素或化合物的二维同素异形体（由两个或更多通过共价键结合的元素组成）或具有周期性结构的分子框架。目前，人们已经探索了各种合成策略来制备二维材料，如自上而下的剥离法、自下而上的化学气相沉积法和溶液合成法。在这篇综述文章中，我们将重点介绍界面在可控合成具有不同结构特征的无机和有机二维材料中所起的作用。我们将总结界面合成策略的最新进展，并阐述它们在受限二维空间中通过分子或前驱体排列方向对结构、形态和结晶的控制方面的进展。首先，我们将概述界面，并介绍其在二维材料合成中的优势和独特性，随后对通过界面合成获得的无机和有机二维材料进行简要分类。接下来，总结当前开发的结合代表性无机和有机二维材料的界面合成策略，包括方法细节描述、相应的结构特征，以及对合成方法优缺点的见解，同时介绍一些用于理解前驱体界面组装和二维材料晶体生长的推荐表征方法。之后，我们将讨论几类新兴的有机二维材料，特别强调通过界面合成策略进行的结构控制。需要注意的是，由于已有多篇综述文章涵盖了无机二维材料的合成、结构、加工和应用，因此本文不会对其进行单独分类。最后，针对具有不同结构和功能控制的二维材料界面辅助合成的未来发展，提出了挑战和展望。
