Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
J Cell Biol. 2018 Jul 2;217(7):2291-2298. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201804161. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant antioxidant found in living organisms and has multiple functions, most of which maintain cellular redox homeostasis. GSH preserves sufficient levels of cysteine and detoxifies xenobiotics while also conferring therapeutic resistance to cancer cells. However, GSH metabolism plays both beneficial and pathogenic roles in a variety of malignancies. It is crucial to the removal and detoxification of carcinogens, and alterations in this pathway can have a profound effect on cell survival. Excess GSH promotes tumor progression, where elevated levels correlate with increased metastasis. In this review, we discuss recent studies that focus on deciphering the role of GSH in tumor initiation and progression as well as mechanisms underlying how GSH imparts treatment resistance to growing cancers. Targeting GSH synthesis/utilization therefore represents a potential means of rendering tumor cells more susceptible to different treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 是生物体中含量最丰富的抗氧化剂，具有多种功能，其中大部分功能维持细胞氧化还原稳态。GSH 保持半胱氨酸的足够水平并解毒外来物质，同时赋予癌细胞治疗抵抗性。然而，GSH 代谢在各种恶性肿瘤中发挥有益和致病作用。它对于致癌物的去除和解毒至关重要，并且该途径的改变会对细胞存活产生深远影响。过量的 GSH 促进肿瘤的进展，其中升高的水平与增加的转移相关。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最近的研究，这些研究集中在破译 GSH 在肿瘤起始和进展中的作用以及 GSH 赋予生长中的癌症治疗抵抗性的机制。因此，靶向 GSH 的合成/利用代表了一种潜在的手段，可以使肿瘤细胞更容易受到不同治疗选择的影响，如化疗和放疗。
