Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No.22, Xinling Rd., Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Nov;26(31):32128-32136. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06404-3. Epub 2019 Sep 7.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) are suspected to be associated with breast cancer risk, but the results are controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the associations between adipose tissue PCB, DDT, and DDE concentrations and breast cancer risk. Two hundred and nine pathologically diagnosed breast cancer cases and 165 controls were recruited from three local hospitals in Shantou city, China, from 2014 to 2016. Concentrations of 7 PCB congeners, p,p'-DDT, and p,p'-DDE were measured in adipose tissues obtained from the breast for cases and the breast/abdomen for controls during surgery. Clinicopathologic information and demographic characteristics were collected from medical records. PCBs, p,p'-DDT, and p,p'-DDE concentrations in adipose tissues were compared between cases and controls. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk of breast cancer by PCBs, p,p'-DDT, and p,p'-DDE concentrations in adipose tissues. Breast cancer cases have relatively higher menarche age, higher breastfeeding and postmenopausal proportion than controls. Levels of PCB-52, PCB-101, PCB-118, PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-180, total PCBs (∑PCBs), and p,p'-DDE were relatively higher in breast cancer cases than controls. Breast cancer risk was increased in the third tertile of PCB-101, PCB-118, PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-180, ∑PCBs, and p,p'-DDE as compared with the first tertile in both adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression models (odds ratios [ORs] were from 1.58 to 7.88); and increased linearly across categories of PCB-118 and p,p'-DDE in unadjusted model, and PCB-118 and PCB-153 in the adjusted model with trend (all P < 0.01). While breast cancer risk was declined in the second tertile of PCB-28, PCB-52, and PCB-101 in both unadjusted and adjusted models, also second tertile of p,p'-DDT and third tertile of PCB-28 in the adjusted models. This study suggests associations between the exposure of PCBs, p,p'-DDT, and p,p'-DDE and breast cancer risk. Based on adjusted models, PCB-118, PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-180, ∑PCBs, and p,p'-DDE exposures increase breast cancer risk at current exposure levels, despite existing inconsistent even inverse results in PCB-28, PCB-52, PCB-101, and p,p'-DDT. More epidemiological studies are still needed to verify these findings in different populations.
多氯联苯（PCBs）、滴滴涕（DDT）和二氯二苯二氯乙烯（DDE）被怀疑与乳腺癌风险有关，但结果存在争议。本研究旨在评估脂肪组织中 PCB、DDT 和 DDE 浓度与乳腺癌风险之间的关系。2014 年至 2016 年期间，从中国汕头市的三家当地医院招募了 209 例经病理诊断的乳腺癌病例和 165 例对照。在手术期间，从病例的乳房和对照组的乳房/腹部采集脂肪组织，以测量 7 种 PCB 同系物、p,p'-DDT 和 p,p'-DDE 的浓度。从病历中收集临床病理信息和人口统计学特征。比较病例和对照组脂肪组织中 PCBs、p,p'-DDT 和 p,p'-DDE 的浓度。使用多变量 logistic 回归模型分析脂肪组织中 PCBs、p,p'-DDT 和 p,p'-DDE 浓度与乳腺癌风险的关系。与对照组相比，乳腺癌病例的初潮年龄较高，母乳喂养和绝经后比例较高。与对照组相比，乳腺癌病例的 PCB-52、PCB-101、PCB-118、PCB-138、PCB-153、PCB-180 和总 PCBs（∑PCBs）以及 p,p'-DDE 水平相对较高。与第一 tertile 相比，PCB-101、PCB-118、PCB-138、PCB-153、PCB-180、∑PCBs 和 p,p'-DDE 的第三 tertile 的乳腺癌风险在调整和未调整的 logistic 回归模型中均增加（比值比[ORs]为 1.58 至 7.88）；并且在未调整模型中 PCB-118 和 p,p'-DDE 以及调整模型中 PCB-118 和 PCB-153 中呈线性增加（均 P < 0.01）。虽然在未调整和调整模型中，PCB-28、PCB-52 和 PCB-101 的第二 tertile 以及调整模型中的 p,p'-DDT 的第二 tertile 和 PCB-28 的第三 tertile 的乳腺癌风险下降，但在调整模型中，PCB-118、PCB-138、PCB-153、PCB-180、∑PCBs 和 p,p'-DDE 的暴露会增加乳腺癌风险，尽管目前的暴露水平存在不一致甚至相反的结果。需要更多的流行病学研究来验证这些在不同人群中的发现。
