Department of Pediatrics, Growth and Nutrition Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 737 W. Lombard St, 163, Baltimore, MD 21201. Email:
Department of Pediatrics, Growth and Nutrition Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2018 Jun 21;15:E84. doi: 10.5888/pcd15.170463.
Worksite health promotion programs are emerging as an effective approach for addressing the adult obesity epidemic and improving the overall health of employees.
We conducted a scoping review to identify articles that described a physical activity component (eg, promoted increased physical or reduced sitting time) of a worksite health promotion intervention. Our search specified full-length articles published in English from January 2000 through July 2015. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Worksite Health ScoreCard, a validated tool, as a framework to summarize information on organizational supports strategies (18 questions) and physical activity strategies (9 questions) implemented by worksite health promotion programs. We also determined whether or not the included studies reported significant (P < .05) improvements in physical activity.
We identified 18 worksite health promotion programs; 11 produced significant improvements in physical activity. Incentives, health risk assessments, health promotion committees, leadership support, marketing, and subsidies or discounts for use of exercise facilities were the most effective organizational supports strategies cited, and physical activity seminars, classes, and workshops were the most effective physical activity strategies cited.
The use of the Health ScoreCard allowed for a practical interpretation of our findings, which can inform next steps for the field. Future research should explore the relationships between components of worksite health promotion programs and their outcomes to further develop best practices that can improve worker health and promote physical activity.
工作场所健康促进计划正在成为应对成人肥胖流行和改善员工整体健康的有效方法。
我们进行了范围界定审查，以确定描述工作场所健康促进干预活动中身体活动组成部分（例如，促进身体活动增加或减少坐姿时间）的文章。我们的搜索指定了从 2000 年 1 月到 2015 年 7 月以英文发表的全文文章。我们使用疾病控制与预防中心的工作场所健康计分卡作为框架，该计分卡是一种经过验证的工具，用于总结工作场所健康促进计划实施的组织支持策略（18 个问题）和身体活动策略（9 个问题）的信息。我们还确定了所包括的研究是否报告了身体活动的显著（P <.05）改善。
我们确定了 18 个工作场所健康促进计划；11 个计划在身体活动方面取得了显著改善。激励措施、健康风险评估、健康促进委员会、领导力支持、营销以及运动设施的补贴或折扣是最有效的组织支持策略，而身体活动研讨会、课程和工作坊是最有效的身体活动策略。
使用健康计分卡可以对我们的发现进行实际解释，这可以为该领域的下一步发展提供信息。未来的研究应探讨工作场所健康促进计划的组成部分与其结果之间的关系，以进一步制定可以改善工人健康和促进身体活动的最佳实践。
