Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.
Neurol Sci. 2018 Oct;39(10):1667-1675. doi: 10.1007/s10072-018-3473-4. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
Cognitive impairment and dementia are major neurocognitive disorders that cause a noticeable decline in cognitive abilities, including memory and thinking skills. The effectiveness of using folic acid as an adjuvant for management of neurocognitive disorders is not well-known. This paper explains the role of folic acid, including its usefulness, effectiveness, adverse side effects, and active mechanisms on cognitive functions of the elderly. In the current study, we reviewed clinical and experimental studies investigating the use of folic acid prior to November 2017, using PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, Scopus, Ovid, and Cochrane Library databases. A total of 142 articles were retrieved by electronic search. Based on the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 36 articles were retrieved for full text analysis. According to data obtained from the review, it seems that folic acid supplementation may improve cognitive function by decreasing homocysteine (Hcy), vascular care, attenuating inflammatory status, modification of cerebral folic acid deficiency, and antioxidant responses. Specifically, people with high levels of Hcy have a better response to folic acid supplementation, which may arise from low serum folate concentration.
认知障碍和痴呆是主要的神经认知障碍，会导致认知能力（包括记忆力和思维能力）明显下降。使用叶酸作为神经认知障碍治疗的辅助手段的效果尚不清楚。本文解释了叶酸的作用，包括其在老年人认知功能方面的有效性、功效、不良反应和作用机制。在本研究中，我们检索了 2017 年 11 月之前使用叶酸的临床和实验研究，使用了 PubMed、ISI Web of Knowledge、Science Direct、Scopus、Ovid 和 Cochrane Library 数据库。通过电子检索共检索到 142 篇文章。根据预设的纳入和排除标准，共检索到 36 篇文章进行全文分析。根据综述获得的数据，叶酸补充似乎可以通过降低同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、血管护理、减轻炎症状态、改善大脑叶酸缺乏以及抗氧化反应来改善认知功能。具体来说，Hcy 水平高的人对叶酸补充的反应更好，这可能是由于血清叶酸浓度低所致。
