The State key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.
Brief Bioinform. 2019 Sep 27;20(5):1826-1835. doi: 10.1093/bib/bby053.
The ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins play a crucial role in promoting locus-specific reversal of DNA methylation, a type of chromatin modification. Considerable evidences have demonstrated that the sequence motifs with specific codes are important to determine the functions of domains and active sites. Here, we surveyed major studies and reviews regarding the multiple functions of the TET proteins and established the patterns of the motif arrangements that determine the functions of TET proteins. First, we summarized the functional sequence basis of TET proteins and identified the new functional motifs based on the phylogenetic relationship. Next, we described the sequence characteristics of the functional motifs in detail and provided an overview of the relationship between the sequence motifs and the functions of TET proteins, including known functions and potential functions. Finally, we highlighted that sequence motifs with diverse post-translational modifications perform unique functions, and different selection pressures lead to different arrangements of sequence motifs, resulting in different paralogs and isoforms.
十 - 十一易位（TET）蛋白在促进 DNA 甲基化的局部逆转中起着至关重要的作用，DNA 甲基化是一种染色质修饰。大量证据表明，具有特定编码的序列基序对于确定结构域和活性位点的功能非常重要。在这里，我们调查了关于 TET 蛋白的多种功能的主要研究和综述，并建立了决定 TET 蛋白功能的基序排列模式。首先，我们总结了 TET 蛋白的功能序列基础，并基于系统发育关系确定了新的功能基序。接下来，我们详细描述了功能基序的序列特征，并概述了序列基序与 TET 蛋白功能之间的关系，包括已知功能和潜在功能。最后，我们强调了具有不同翻译后修饰的序列基序具有独特的功能，并且不同的选择压力导致序列基序的不同排列，从而产生不同的同源物和同工型。
