基于GA²LEN模型的亚洲国家过敏性鼻炎和荨麻疹管理不当的经济负担
Economic Burden of the Inadequate Management of Allergic Rhinitis and Urticaria in Asian Countries Based on the GA²LEN Model.
作者信息
Kulthanan Kanokvalai, Chusakul Supinda, Recto Marysia Tiongco, Gabriel Ma Teresita, Aw Derrick Chen Wee, Prepageran Narayanan, Wong Alson, Leong Jern Lin, Foong Henry, Quang Vo Thanh, Zuberbier Torsten
机构信息
Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
出版信息
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2018 Jul;10(4):370-378. doi: 10.4168/aair.2018.10.4.370.
PURPOSE
Across Hong Kong, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam, (referred to as Asia) approximately 30-53 million individuals of the 151 million employed suffer from allergic rhinitis (AR) and urticaria. It is estimated that approximately 90% of patients with these allergic conditions are insufficiently treated, impacting the socioeconomic burden in terms of absence from work and decreased productivity. This study aims to estimate the socioeconomic burden of allergies in Asia and the cost savings that their adequate management can provide. Due to the limited availability of regional data, this study focused AR and urticaria in selected countries.
METHODS
Published literature, information from statistical bureaus, clinician surveys and extrapolation of selected data from the European Union were used to determine the socioeconomic costs of AR and urticaria.
RESULTS
Many patients in Asia suffer from perennial allergies and experience symptoms of AR and urticaria for up to 298 days per year. An estimate of the indirect costs of patients insufficiently treated for AR and urticaria amounts to USD 105.4 billion a year, which equates to USD 1,137-2,195 per patient due to absenteeism and presenteeism. Adherence to guideline-approved treatment can lead to estimated savings of up to USD 104 billion.
CONCLUSIONS
The current study suggests that within Asia, the socioeconomic impact of AR and urticaria is similar to that seen in the European Union in spite of the lower wages in Asia. This is due to the mainly perennial allergens prevailing in Asia, whereas the sensitization patterns observed in the European Union are dominated by seasonal exposure to pollen. These results underline the need for governmental initiatives to increase public awareness on the prevention and treatment of these and other allergic diseases as well as greater research funding and large-scale studies to reduce their growing socioeconomic burden in coming years.
目的
在香港、马来西亚、菲律宾、新加坡、泰国和越南（统称为亚洲），1.51亿就业人口中约有3000万至5300万人患有过敏性鼻炎（AR）和荨麻疹。据估计，这些过敏疾病患者中约90%未得到充分治疗，这在缺勤和生产力下降方面影响了社会经济负担。本研究旨在估计亚洲过敏症的社会经济负担以及适当管理所能带来的成本节约。由于区域数据有限，本研究聚焦于选定国家的AR和荨麻疹。
方法
利用已发表的文献、统计局信息、临床医生调查以及从欧盟选定数据的推断来确定AR和荨麻疹的社会经济成本。
结果
亚洲许多患者患有常年性过敏症，每年出现AR和荨麻疹症状的时间长达298天。对AR和荨麻疹治疗不充分患者的间接成本估计每年达1054亿美元，因缺勤和出勤但生产力低下，每位患者相当于1137至2195美元。坚持遵循指南批准的治疗方法估计可节省高达1040亿美元。
结论
当前研究表明，在亚洲，尽管亚洲工资水平较低，但AR和荨麻疹的社会经济影响与欧盟类似。这是由于亚洲主要流行常年性过敏原，而欧盟观察到的致敏模式以季节性接触花粉为主。这些结果强调政府需要采取举措提高公众对这些及其他过敏性疾病预防和治疗的认识，以及增加研究资金和开展大规模研究，以减轻未来几年不断增加的社会经济负担。
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