Ghiasipour Maryam, Mosadeghrad Ali Mohammad, Arab Mohamad, Jaafaripooyan Ebrahim
Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2017 Dec 17;31:96. doi: 10.14196/mjiri.31.96. eCollection 2017.
Effective leadership is a vital component of health care systems and has an extensive range of functions in improving organizational effectiveness and efficiency. This study aimed at exploring leadership challenges encountered by leaders in Iranian hospitals. This qualitative study was conducted on a purposeful sample of 27 members of hospital management team in Tehran using face-to-face semi-structured interviews and in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyze and report the data. In this study, 5 main themes emerged upon the challenges of leadership in health care organizations as follow: organizational structure (complexity, centralization, and bureaucracy); human resources (the number and distribution of human resources, staff empowerment, and education, motivational mechanisms, and staff diversity); work nature (sensitivity, stress and tension, customer diversity, and team- oriented); leaders (knowledge and skills, appointment, superiors and colleagues, and time); and context (regulations and programs, cultural issues, social issues, and economic issues). The results of this study shed some light on the leadership challenges in a culturally specific developing country. The results also proved the importance of using educated leaders who are capable of understanding, analyzing, and dealing with such complex challenges.
有效的领导力是医疗保健系统的重要组成部分，在提高组织有效性和效率方面具有广泛的功能。本研究旨在探索伊朗医院领导者所面临的领导挑战。这项定性研究以德黑兰医院管理团队的27名成员为有目的的样本，采用面对面半结构化访谈和深度访谈进行。使用主题分析法对数据进行分析和报告。在本研究中，医疗保健组织领导挑战出现了5个主要主题，如下所示：组织结构（复杂性、集权化和官僚主义）；人力资源（人力资源的数量和分布、员工赋权与教育、激励机制和员工多样性）；工作性质（敏感性、压力和紧张、客户多样性和团队导向）；领导者（知识和技能、任命、上级和同事以及时间）；以及背景（法规和计划、文化问题、社会问题和经济问题）。本研究结果揭示了一个文化特定的发展中国家的领导挑战。结果还证明了任用有能力理解、分析和应对此类复杂挑战的受过教育的领导者的重要性。
