Berger Sue, Escher Anne, Mengle Emily, Sullivan Nicole
Sue Berger, PhD, is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA;
Anne Escher, OTD, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA.
Am J Occup Ther. 2018 Jul/Aug;72(4):7204190010p1-7204190010p10. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2018.030346.
This systematic review examined the effectiveness of health promotion, management, and maintenance interventions within the scope of occupational therapy to improve occupational performance and quality of life (QOL) and decrease health care utilization for community-dwelling older adults.
Thirty-eight articles representing 36 studies were included in the review. Articles were published 2008-2015 and described studies of participants with a mean age of 65 or older who were living in the community.
Strong evidence supports the use of group, individual, or a combination of group and individual interventions to improve occupational performance. Group interventions were also effective at improving QOL. The evidence was insufficient that any of these interventions decreased health care utilization.
Addressing health promotion, management, and maintenance is within the scope of occupational therapy practice and has been shown to improve occupational performance and QOL for older adults. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
本系统评价探讨了职业治疗范围内的健康促进、管理及维持干预措施，以改善社区居住老年人的职业表现和生活质量（QOL），并减少医疗保健利用。
本评价纳入了代表36项研究的38篇文章。文章发表于2008年至2015年，描述了平均年龄65岁及以上的社区居住参与者的研究。
有力证据支持采用团体、个体或团体与个体相结合的干预措施来改善职业表现。团体干预在改善生活质量方面也有效。证据不足表明这些干预措施中的任何一项能降低医疗保健利用。
解决健康促进、管理及维持问题属于职业治疗实践范畴，且已证明可改善老年人的职业表现和生活质量。讨论了对实践和未来研究的启示。
