Smallfield Stacy, Molitor Whitney Lucas
Stacy Smallfield, DrOT, OTR/L, BCG, FAOTA, is Associate Professor of Occupational Therapy and Medicine and Assistant Director, Occupational Therapy Entry-Level Professional Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO;
Whitney Lucas Molitor, OTD, OTR/L, BCG, is Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of South Dakota, Vermillion.
Am J Occup Ther. 2018 Jul/Aug;72(4):7204190030p1-7204190030p9. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2018.031211.
Because of age-related changes in sleep patterns, older adults may get less sleep than the recommended amount and experience decreased performance in daytime activities as a result. This article examines the evidence for the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy addressing sleep. Thirteen Level I studies met inclusion criteria and were categorized into three themes: (1) one-to-one single-component interventions, (2) one-to-one multicomponent interventions, and (3) group multicomponent interventions. Strong evidence supports cognitive-behavioral intervention strategies for older adults that include relaxation, sleep hygiene education, problem solving, and physical exercise, among others, delivered one to one or in a group. Routine use of these interventions is recommended.
由于睡眠模式的年龄相关变化，老年人的睡眠时间可能少于推荐量，从而导致白天活动表现下降。本文探讨了职业治疗范围内解决睡眠问题的干预措施有效性的证据。十三项一级研究符合纳入标准，并分为三个主题：（1）一对一单成分干预，（2）一对一多成分干预，以及（3）团体多成分干预。有力证据支持针对老年人的认知行为干预策略，包括放松、睡眠卫生教育、问题解决和体育锻炼等，可一对一或团体形式进行。建议常规使用这些干预措施。
