Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
Guelph Food Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada.
Molecules. 2018 Jun 28;23(7):1561. doi: 10.3390/molecules23071561.
(tribe Oryzeae Dum., subfamily Oryzoideae Care, family Gramineae) is native to East Asian countries. The seeds of (Chinese wild rice) have been consumed as a cereal in China for >3000 years. forms swollen culms when infected with , which is the second most-cultivated aquatic vegetable in China. The current review summarizes the nutrients and bioactive compounds of , and health benefits of its seeds. The seeds of contain proteins, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive compounds, the activities of which—for example, antioxidant activity—have been characterized. Various health benefits are associated with their consumption, such as alleviation of insulin resistance and lipotoxicity, and protection against cardiovascular disease. Chinese wild rice may be used to prevent and treat metabolic disease, such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Various compounds were isolated from the swollen culm, and aerial parts of . The former suppresses osteoclast formation, inhibits growth of rat glioma cells, and may act as antioxidants and immunomodulators in drugs or foods. The latter exerts anti-fatigue, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic effects. Thus, may be used to produce nutraceuticals and functional foods.
（禾本科稻属 Dum.，稻亚科 Care，禾本科）原产于东亚国家。（中国野生稻）的种子在中国已经被食用了超过 3000 年，作为一种谷物。当感染 时， 会形成肿胀的茎，是中国第二大栽培水生蔬菜。本综述总结了 的营养成分和生物活性化合物，以及其种子的健康益处。 的种子含有蛋白质、矿物质、维生素和生物活性化合物，其活性，如抗氧化活性，已经得到了表征。其消费与各种健康益处相关，例如缓解胰岛素抵抗和脂毒性，以及预防心血管疾病。中国野生稻可用于预防和治疗代谢疾病，如糖尿病、肥胖症和心血管疾病。从肿胀的茎和 的地上部分中分离出各种化合物。前者抑制破骨细胞形成，抑制大鼠神经胶质瘤细胞生长，在药物或食品中可能具有抗氧化和免疫调节作用。后者具有抗疲劳、抗炎和抗过敏作用。因此， 可用于生产营养保健品和功能性食品。
