HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Department of Research and Innovation, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jun 28;15(7):1357. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071357.
This study aims to investigate sleep duration and its association with sociodemographic, health behaviour, mental health, and chronic disease factors among rural individuals 40 years and older in South Africa. Cross-sectional data from the “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH community in South Africa” (HAALSI) baseline survey were analysed. Socio-demographic, clinical, health, and sleep duration data were collected. The total sample included 4725 persons 40 years and older (mean age 61.5 years, SD = 13.0, age range of 40⁻111 years) in one sub-district in rural South Africa. The mean sleep duration was 8.28 ± 1.93 h. Short (<7 h) and long (≥9 h) sleepers accounted for 13.1% and 40.0% of the sample, respectively. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression, greater wealth status ( < 0.05), inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption ( < 0.001), and depressive symptoms ( < 0.05) were associated with a higher odds and physical inactivity ( < 0.05) with a lower odds of short sleep duration. Being male ( < 0.001) and depressive symptoms ( < 0.001) were associated with a higher odds and being 50 to 69 years old ( < 0.01), having Grade 1 to 11 education ( < 0.05), and greater wealth status ( < 0.001) were associated with a lower odds of long sleep duration. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression, compared to normal sleepers, long sleepers were more likely to have myocardial infarction ( < 0.05). In unadjusted analysis, compared to normal sleepers, short sleepers were more likely to have cataracts ( < 0.05). This study found that a significant proportion of rural dwellers 40 years and older in South Africa had a short sleep duration and a high proportion had a long sleep duration. Some associations, such as depression and myocardial infarction, with short and/or long sleep duration were confirmed, while no associations were found for many chronic conditions.
本研究旨在探讨南非农村 40 岁及以上人群的睡眠时间及其与社会人口学、健康行为、心理健康和慢性疾病因素的关系。本研究分析了“非洲健康与老龄化：南非一个 INDEPTH 社区的纵向研究（HAALSI）”基线调查的横断面数据。收集了社会人口学、临床、健康和睡眠持续时间数据。总样本包括南非一个农村地区一个分区的 4725 名 40 岁及以上的人（平均年龄 61.5 岁，标准差=13.0，年龄范围 40-111 岁）。平均睡眠时间为 8.28±1.93 小时。短睡者（<7 小时）和长睡者（≥9 小时）分别占样本的 13.1%和 40.0%。在调整后的多项逻辑回归中，更高的财富状况（<0.05）、水果和蔬菜摄入不足（<0.001）和抑郁症状（<0.05）与短睡眠时间的几率更高相关，而身体不活动（<0.05）与短睡眠时间的几率较低相关。男性（<0.001）和抑郁症状（<0.001）与长睡眠时间的几率更高相关，而 50-69 岁（<0.01）、1-11 年级教育（<0.05）和更高的财富状况（<0.001）与长睡眠时间的几率较低相关。在调整后的多项逻辑回归中，与正常睡眠者相比，长睡眠者更有可能患有心肌梗死（<0.05）。在未调整的分析中，与正常睡眠者相比，短睡眠者更有可能患有白内障（<0.05）。本研究发现，南非农村地区相当比例的 40 岁及以上居民睡眠持续时间较短，而睡眠持续时间较长的比例较高。一些关联，如抑郁和心肌梗死，与短和/或长睡眠持续时间相关，而许多慢性疾病则没有关联。
