Liu Gang, Huang Ke, Li Jiu-Hai, Xu Hui
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Oct 8;37(10):3737-3742. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.10.009.
Water-soluble ions in particulate matter (PM) from tree branch combustion were determined. The results showed that the average content of total water-soluble ions in flaming PM from dry branches was (28.88±17.54) g·kg. The major components included Cl, SO, and K, the mean emission factors (EFs) of which were in the range of 101.0 to 118.2 mg·kg. In addition, the mean content of the total ions in smoldering PM was (6.38±2.79) g·kg. The main constituents contained Na, SO, K, and Cl, the mean EFs of which varied from 101.1 to 245.7 mg·kg. The average content of the total ions in flaming PM from green branches was (22.13±13.52) g·kg. Their major components were SO, Cl, and K, with mean EFs ranging from 136.4 to 197.6 mg·kg. Furthermore, the mean content of all ions in smoldering PM derived from green branches was (15.71±19.09) g·kg. Cl, SO, and Na were the main components, with mean EFs varying from 298.6 to 869.1 mg·kg. Significant correlations were found between the contents of Cl and K in PM from dry and (or) green branches burned under each condition. Similar relation also existed between EFs of Cl from the dry branches burned in smoldering condition and the moisture in them. The EFs of Cl, K, and Mg were positively correlated with moisture while the green branches were burned in flaming condition. The EFs of Cl, Na, NH, and Mg were significantly positively correlated with moisture as well when the fuels were combusted in smoldering condition. Combustion conditions, tree types, and moisture in wood fuels all had impacts on the chemical compositions and EFs of water-soluble ions in PM from tree branches. This may have significance in estimating the quantity of the pollutants from forest fires.
对树枝燃烧产生的颗粒物（PM）中的水溶性离子进行了测定。结果表明，干树枝明火燃烧PM中总水溶性离子的平均含量为（28.88±17.54）g·kg。主要成分包括Cl、SO和K，其平均排放因子（EFs）在101.0至118.2 mg·kg范围内。此外，闷烧PM中总离子的平均含量为（6.38±2.79）g·kg。主要成分包含Na、SO、K和Cl，其平均排放因子在101.1至245.7 mg·kg之间变化。绿树枝明火燃烧PM中总离子的平均含量为（22.13±13.52）g·kg。其主要成分是SO、Cl和K，平均排放因子在136.4至197.6 mg·kg范围内。此外，绿树枝闷烧PM中所有离子的平均含量为（15.71±19.09）g·kg。Cl、SO和Na是主要成分，平均排放因子在298.6至869.1 mg·kg之间变化。在每种条件下燃烧的干树枝和（或）绿树枝的PM中，Cl和K的含量之间存在显著相关性。闷烧条件下燃烧的干树枝中Cl的排放因子与其中的水分之间也存在类似关系。当绿树枝明火燃烧时，Cl、K和Mg的排放因子与水分呈正相关。当燃料闷烧时，Cl、Na、NH和Mg的排放因子也与水分显著正相关。燃烧条件、树木类型和木质燃料中的水分都会对树枝PM中水溶性离子的化学成分和排放因子产生影响。这对于估算森林火灾污染物的数量可能具有重要意义。
