State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, 110840, China.
Front Med. 2019 Apr;13(2):152-159. doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0628-x. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
The teeth are highly differentiated chewing organs formed by the development of tooth germ tissue located in the jaw and consist of the enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp, and periodontal tissue. Moreover, the teeth have a complicated regulatory mechanism, special histologic origin, diverse structure, and important function in mastication, articulation, and aesthetics. These characteristics, to a certain extent, greatly complicate the research in tooth regeneration. Recently, new ideas for tooth and tissue regeneration have begun to appear with rapid developments in the theories and technologies in tissue engineering. Numerous types of stem cells have been isolated from dental tissue, such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells isolated from human pulp of exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs), and dental follicle cells (DFCs). All these cells can regenerate the tissue of tooth. This review outlines the cell types and strategies of stem cell therapy applied in tooth regeneration, in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatments.
牙齿是高度分化的咀嚼器官，由位于颌骨中的牙胚组织发育而成，由牙釉质、牙本质、牙骨质、牙髓和牙周组织组成。此外，牙齿具有复杂的调节机制、特殊的组织起源、多样的结构和在咀嚼、发音和美学方面的重要功能。这些特征在一定程度上极大地增加了牙齿再生研究的难度。最近，随着组织工程理论和技术的快速发展，出现了牙齿和组织再生的新思想。已经从牙组织中分离出多种类型的干细胞，如牙髓干细胞（DPSCs）、脱落乳牙牙髓干细胞（SHED）、牙周膜干细胞（PDLSCs）、根尖乳头干细胞（SCAPs）和牙囊细胞（DFCs）。所有这些细胞都可以再生牙齿组织。本文概述了应用于牙齿再生的干细胞治疗的细胞类型和策略，以期为临床治疗提供理论基础。
