Kamalashiran Chuntida, Pattaraarchachai Junya, Muengtaweepongsa Sombat
Chulabhron International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
J Aging Res. 2018 Jun 4;2018:5302105. doi: 10.1155/2018/5302105. eCollection 2018.
Dementia is a broad-spectrum terminology for a degenerate in cognitive function severe enough to intervene in activities of daily living. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the neurodegenerative cascade, leading to the irreversible mechanism in dementia. Perilla seed oil is extracted from its seeds and contains a high source of antioxidative substances such as omega-3 fatty acid. With its prominent antioxidative property, perilla seed oil demonstrates neuroprotective effects against dementia in preclinical studies. We aim to prove the feasibility and safety of perilla seed oil as an additional antioxidative therapy in patients with dementia. This single-centered, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial randomized 239 patients with clinical diagnosis of mild to moderate dementia according to the Thai Mini-Mental State Examination (TMSE) score of 10 to 23 or the Thai Montreal Cognitive Assessment score of 12 to 25. Either two capsules containing 500 milligrams of perilla seed oil or similarly appearing two capsules containing 500 milligrams of olive oil (placebo) four times daily was added to conventional standard treatment of dementia for six months. Clinical side effects and routine laboratory results at baseline and after treatment were compared between both groups. Nausea and vomiting were the most common clinical side effects (3%) found equally in both groups. Three patients in the placebo group prematurely discontinued the medication, while only one patient in the treatment group quit the medication early. However, about 5% of patients in both groups could not comply with the regimen of the treatment. The routine laboratory results, including complete blood counts, kidney function tests, and liver function panels, at baseline and after treatment, were not significantly different in both groups. In conclusion, perilla seed oil was feasible and safe to add on with standard treatment in patients with mild to moderate dementia. Further study is needed to confirm its benefit to use as additional antioxidative therapy in patients with dementia.
痴呆症是一个广泛的术语，用于描述认知功能退化到足以干扰日常生活活动的严重程度。氧化应激在神经退行性级联反应中起主要作用，导致痴呆症的不可逆机制。紫苏籽油从其种子中提取，含有高含量的抗氧化物质，如ω-3脂肪酸。紫苏籽油具有显著的抗氧化特性，在临床前研究中显示出对痴呆症的神经保护作用。我们旨在证明紫苏籽油作为痴呆症患者额外抗氧化治疗的可行性和安全性。这项单中心、双盲、安慰剂对照试验根据泰国简易精神状态检查表（TMSE）评分为10至23或泰国蒙特利尔认知评估评分为12至25，将239例临床诊断为轻度至中度痴呆症的患者随机分组。在痴呆症的常规标准治疗基础上，每天四次添加两粒含500毫克紫苏籽油的胶囊或外观相似的两粒含500毫克橄榄油（安慰剂）的胶囊，持续六个月。比较两组在基线和治疗后的临床副作用和常规实验室结果。恶心和呕吐是两组中最常见的临床副作用（3%）。安慰剂组有3例患者提前停药，而治疗组只有1例患者提前停药。然而，两组中约5%的患者未能遵守治疗方案。两组在基线和治疗后的常规实验室结果，包括全血细胞计数、肾功能测试和肝功能指标，均无显著差异。总之，在轻度至中度痴呆症患者中，紫苏籽油与标准治疗联合使用是可行且安全的。需要进一步研究以证实其作为痴呆症患者额外抗氧化治疗的益处。
