Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Douglas Connect GmbH, Basel, Switzerland.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2018 Jul;13(7):537-543. doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0185-0. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have tremendous potential to produce beneficial technological impact in numerous sectors in society. Safety assessment is, of course, of paramount importance. However, the myriad variations of ENM properties makes the identification of specific features driving toxicity challenging. At the same time, reducing animal tests by introducing alternative and/or predictive in vitro and in silico methods has become a priority. It is important to embrace these new advances in the safety assessment of ENMs. Indeed, remarkable progress has been made in recent years with respect to mechanism-based hazard assessment of ENMs, including systems biology approaches as well as high-throughput screening platforms, and new tools are also emerging in risk assessment and risk management for humans and the environment across the whole life-cycle of nano-enabled products. Here, we highlight some of the key advances in the hazard and risk assessment of ENMs.
工程纳米材料（ENMs）具有在社会众多领域产生有益技术影响的巨大潜力。安全评估当然至关重要。然而，ENM 性质的众多变化使得确定导致毒性的特定特征具有挑战性。同时，通过引入替代和/或预测的体外和计算方法来减少动物试验已成为当务之急。在 ENM 的安全评估中采用这些新进展非常重要。事实上，近年来在基于机制的 ENM 危害评估方面取得了显著进展，包括系统生物学方法以及高通量筛选平台，并且在纳米产品整个生命周期内对人类和环境的风险评估和风险管理方面也出现了新工具。在这里，我们重点介绍 ENM 危害和风险评估方面的一些关键进展。
